Type II cytokeratin expression in adult vertebrate spinal cord

Bodega, Guillermo; Suárez, I.; Rubio, Miguel; Fernández, Benjamı́n

doi:10.1016/s0040-8166(05)80064-3

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A shift to GFAP-containing intermediate filaments results in the transient coexpression of both of them and the eventual predominance of GFAP in mature astrocytes (Bodega et al 1995;Dahl et al 1981;Monzón-Mayor et al 1990a). Nevertheless, most of astrocytes in the lizard ON co-expressed Vim/GFAP until adulthood, as reported in the mammalian and avian ON (Calvo et al 1990;, see Table 2) and, remarkably, a few relatively mature GFAP + astrocytes do indeed express PCNA in late embryos.…”

Section: Apparent Absence Of a Pool Of Stem Cells In Lizard Retinamentioning

confidence: 88%

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Development of astroglia heterogeneously expressing Pax2, vimentin and GFAP during the ontogeny of the optic pathway of the lizard (Gallotia galloti): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

et al. 2011

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The successful regrowth of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons after optic nerve (ON) axotomy in Gallotia galloti indicates a permissive role of the glial environment. We have characterised the astroglial lineage of the lizard optic pathway throughout its ontogeny (embryonic stage 30 [E30] to adults) by using electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry to detect the proliferation marker PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), the transcription factor Pax2 and the gliofilament proteins vimentin (Vim) and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein). PCNA(+) cells were abundant until E39, with GFAP(+)/PCNA(+) astrocytes being observed between E37 and hatching. Proliferation diminished markedly afterwards, being undetectable in the adult optic pathway. Müller glia of the central retina expressed Pax2 from E37 and their endfeet accumulated Vim from E33 and GFAP from E37 onwards. Astrocytes were absent in the avascular lizard retina, whereas abundant Pax2(+) astrocytes were observed in the ON from E30. A major subpopulation of these astrocytes coexpressed Vim from E35 and also GFAP from E37 onwards; thus the majority of mature astrocytes coexpressed Pax2/Vim/GFAP. The astrocytes were ultrastructurally identified by their gliofilaments, microtubules, dense bodies, desmosomes and glycogen granules, which preferentially accumulated in cell processes. Astrocytes in the adult ON coexpressed both gliofilaments and presented desmosomes indicating a reinforcement of the ON structure; this is physiologically necessary for local adaptation to mechanical forces linked to eye movement. We suggest that astrocytes forming this structural scaffold facilitate the regrowth of RGCs after ON transection.

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Section: Apparent Absence Of a Pool Of Stem Cells In Lizard Retinamentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In amniotes, one of the first events in the differentiation of the astroglial lineage is the expression of Vim. A shift from Vim to GFAP is followed by the eventual predominance of GFAP in mature astrocytes (Bodega et al 1995;Dahl et al 1981;Monzón-Mayor et al 1990a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of astroglia heterogeneously expressing Pax2, vimentin and GFAP during the ontogeny of the optic pathway of the lizard (Gallotia galloti): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

et al. 2011

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“…Moreover, data from other fish species, including hagfish and lamprey, indicate differences in IF protein expression programs between fish and terrestrial vertebrates (Alarcon et al 1993;Glasgow et al 1994;Arenas et al 1995;Merrick et al 1995;Zaccone et al 1995;Groff et al 1997). So far, however, many IF protein studies of fish have been limited to a single specialized organ or tissue (e.g., Pankov et al 1986;Giordano et al 1989;Frail et al 1990;Druger et al 1992;Cohen et al 1993;Koch et al 1994;De Guevara et al 1994;Byrd and Brunjes 1995;Bodega et al 1995;Cordeiro et al 1996;Tsai 1996). Comprehensive immunocytochemical keratin surveys are available for several teleosts (e.g., Thompson et al 1987;Bunton 1993;Ainis et al 1995;Groff et al 1997); however, these studies lack biochemical details of the IF proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical identification and tissue-specific expression patterns of keratins in the zebrafish Danio rerio

Conrad

Lemb

Schubert

et al. 1998

Cell and Tissue Research

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We have identified a number of type I and type II keratins in the zebrafish Danio rerio by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, complementary keratin blot-binding assay and immunoblotting. These keratins range from 56 kDa to 46 kDa in molecular mass and from pH 6.6 to pH 5.2 in isoelectric point. Type II zebrafish keratins exhibit significantly higher molecular masses (56-52 kDa) compared with the type I keratins (50-48 kDa), but the isoelectric points show no significant difference between the two keratin subclasses (type II: pH 6.0-5.5; type I: pH 6.1-5.2). According to their occurrence in various zebrafish tissues, the identified keratins can be classified into "E" (epidermal) and "S" (simple epithelial) proteins. A panel of monoclonal anti-keratin antibodies has been used for immunoblotting of zebrafish cytoskeletal preparations and immunofluorescence microscopy of frozen tissue sections. These antibodies have revealed differential cytoplasmic expression of keratins; this not only includes epithelia, but also a variety of mesenchymally derived cells and tissues. Thus, previously detected fundamental differences in keratin expression patterns between higher vertebrates and a salmonid, the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, also apply between vertebrates and the zebrafish, a cyprinid. However, in spite of notable similarities, trout and zebrafish keratins differ from each other in many details. The present data provide a firm basis from which the application of keratins as cell differentiation markers in the well-established genetic model organism, the zebrafish, can be developed.

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“…Specifically, cytokeratin reactivity has been demonstrated in the blood vessels, meninx, and ependyma from the spinal cords of the barbel Barbus comiza (=B. barbus), common carp, and goldfish (Bodega et al 1995); astroglia of the barbel spinal cord (Bodega et al 1995); testicular vessels of the eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki (Arenas et al 1995); and the epithelium of the renal tubules and collecting duct in the plaice Pleuronectes platessa (Zaitsev 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Cross-Reactivity of Type I–III Intermediate Filaments in the Common Carp: In Situ Localization with Use of Heterologous Antibodies

Groff

Naydan

Zinkl

et al. 1997

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society

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The intermediate filaments (IFs) are a multigenic family of 10-nm cytoskeletal polypeptides that have been partially classified according to their cell-specific expression patterns in mammals. Since the IFs have been highly conserved during vertebrate evolution, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunological cross-reactivity and tissue distribution patterns of IF types I. II, and III in the common carp Cyprinus carpio. A panel of six heterologous antibodies were evaluated with a streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex detection system. The monoclonal antibody AE3, specific for human cytokeratins 1-8 (type II IFs), stained a wide variety of epithelial and nonepithelial tissues. Staining with the AEI monoclonal antibody, specific for human cylokeratins 10, 14-16, and 19 (type I IFs). resulted in similar, although generally less intense, staining of all tissues relative to the AE3 antibody. However, the AEI antibody stained myocardial and skeletal muscle fibers in contrast to the pattern achieved with the AE3 antibody. The polyclonal antibody 68-121. specific for mammalian vimentin (lype III IFs), stained a variety of nonepithelial tissues that included various connective tissue cells (fibroblasts, muscle cells, and chondrocytes), glial cells, neurons, lymphohematopoietic cells, and chromatophores. The 68-121 antibody also resulted in the restricted staining of simple and stratified epithelia. In contrast, staining with the antimammalian vimentin monoclonal antibody V9 was restricted to the cells and fibers of the retinal ganglion layer, basal lamina of the integument, lens epithelium, meninx, and choroid plexus epithelium, whereas the antimammalian vimentin monoclonal antibody Vim 3B4 did not stain. Staining with the monoclonal antibody 33, specific for mammalian desmin (type III IFs), was negative except for an intense staining pattern of the ocular lens epithelium. The localisation of vimentin and the cytokeratins in various epithelial and nonepithelial tissues of the common carp indicates that IF expression in teleosts is fundamentally different than that in mammals relative to cell type specificity and expression.

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Type II cytokeratin expression in adult vertebrate spinal cord

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Development of astroglia heterogeneously expressing Pax2, vimentin and GFAP during the ontogeny of the optic pathway of the lizard (Gallotia galloti): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Development of astroglia heterogeneously expressing Pax2, vimentin and GFAP during the ontogeny of the optic pathway of the lizard (Gallotia galloti): an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Biochemical identification and tissue-specific expression patterns of keratins in the zebrafish Danio rerio

Immunological Cross-Reactivity of Type I–III Intermediate Filaments in the Common Carp: In Situ Localization with Use of Heterologous Antibodies

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