Type C virus in lymphosarcoma in northern pike (Esox lucius)

Papas, Takis S.; Dahlberg, John E.; Sonstegard, R. A.

doi:10.1038/261506a0

Cited by 95 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This DNA polymerase behaved as a retroviral RNAdependent DNA polymerase (RT) in that it used a ribotemplate. Preference for poly(Cm) oligo(dG) template primer was formerly evoked as the hallmark of retroviral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (Papas et al 1976), but DNA polymerase activity using this template primer has since also been detected within muscle and melanoma tissues of Xiphophorus spp., complicating the biochemical distinction between viral and cellular DNA polymerases (Liike et al 1990). Since the discovery of RT activity in retroviruses, RNA-dependent polymerase-like activities have been associated with endogenous retroviruses and retroposons within the eukaryotic genome (Lewin 1990, Luke et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the transmissibility and etiology of orocutaneous tumors of brown bullheads Ictaiurus nebulosus

Poulet¹,

Casey²,

Spitsbergen³

1993

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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To determine the transmissibility of orocutaneous neoplasms of brown bullheads Ictalurus nebulosus under laboratory conditions, 120 test fish were inoculated with cell-free, filtered tumor homogenate or with live neoplastic cells prepared from pooled neoplasms collected from adult fish in the spring. Controls received vehicle alone or cells from a homologous cell line (BB). Inoculated fish were kept at 10. 15. and 20 "C. The disease was not transmitted in this 9 mo trial. Electron microscopic examination of the 2 inocula did not reveal viral particles. No cytopathic effects were observed in primary cultures of neoplastic cells or in BB monolayers inoculated with material derived from the neoplasms. Neither a mixed bovine papillomavirus and cottontail rabbit papillomavirus DNA probe (BPV-CRPV) nor a fish retrovirus probe (WDSV) recognized any homologous sequences on Southern blots of brown bullhead neoplasms. However, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, presumably reverse transcriptase, absent from normal brown bullhead skin, was detected in neoplastic tissue and preferred Mn2+ as the divalent cation. Results suggest that the etiology of orocutaneous neoplasms of brown bullheads is probably multifactorial and integrated into the broad scheme of multistep carclnogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the transmissibility and etiology of orocutaneous tumors of brown bullheads Ictaiurus nebulosus

Poulet¹,

Casey²,

Spitsbergen³

1993

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…They most often originate in the thymus in salmonids and in the skin in esocids (Fredrickson et al in press). There is evidence that the esocid tumors are viralinduced (Mulcahy & O'Leary 1970, Papas et al 1976, as is plasmacytoid leukemia of netpen-raised salmon (Eaton & Kent 1992). Recent evidence, based on electron microscopy and immunological markers, suggests that the pike tumors are not lymphomas but that the cell of origin is of the monocyte lineage and hence the tumors may be histiocytomas (Thompson & Kostiala 1990).…”

Section: Cells (Arrows)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially true in the northern pike Esox lucius and the muskellunge Esox masquinongy, in which the disease is believed to have a viral etiology (Papas et al 1976, Sonstegard 1976). To our knowledge, hematopoetic neoplasms have only been reported twice in the order Siluriformes, both from channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Malignant lymphoma in black bullhead from Allouez Bay, Superior, Wisconsin, USA

Blazer

Schrank

1995

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Similar viruses have not hitherto been reported in fish cell cultures, but C-type particles have been observed in lesions from epidermal hyperplasia of northern pike (Esox lucius) (Winqvist et al, 1968;Yamamoto et al, 1983), epidermal hyperplasia and dermal sarcoma of walleye perch (Stizostedion vitreum) (Walker, 1969;Yamamoto et al, 1985), swimbladder fibrosarcoma of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (Duncan, 1978) and fin papillomatosis of European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus) (Anders, 1989). C-type particles and reverse transcriptase activity associated with 1.15 to 1.16 g/ml sucrose gradient fractions have also been identified in tissue from northern pike lymphosarcoma (Papas et al, 1976) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) papillomatosis (Sonstegard, 1977). Cell-free transmission studies have suggested a viral aetiology for northern pike lymphosarcoma (Mulcahy & O'Leary, 1970;Brown et al, 1975), but none of the above C-type viruses has been isolated in cell culture and the pathogenic significance of these agents has yet to be established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%