Type and Timing of Mothers' Victimization: Effects on Mothers and Children

Dubowitz, Howard; Black, Maureen M.; Kerr, Mia A.; Hussey, Jon M.; Morrel, Tanya M.; Everson, Mark D.; Starr, Raymond H.

doi:10.1542/peds.107.4.728

Cited by 152 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

122

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our results are consistent with previous work showing that children from violent homes exhibit high rates of externalizing behavior problems and total behavioral problems. [13][14][15]45 Our study is the first in the United States to examine the association of child witnesses to IPV and bullying involvement specifically. We attempted to capture the different facets of bullying and examine its association with IPV through our 2-part analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Bullying Involvement and Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE-Our objectives with this study were to describe the prevalence of bullying involvement (ie, bullying and victimization) among children from a multigenerational study and to examine the relationship of these childhood behaviors and exposure to intimate partner violence.METHODS-A community-based cohort of 112 children (aged 6 to 13 years) was asked to selfreport on physical, verbal, and relational types of bullying and victimization experienced in the past year. Parents reported on their child's externalizing and internalizing behaviors during the previous 6 months using items from Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist. The frequency of parental experiences of intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization at 2 time points during the preceding 5 years was measured using Conflict Tactics Scale items. The association of intimate partner violence and parent-reported child behavioral problems was examined, followed by exposure to intimate partner violence and child-reported bullying or victimization. Parental risk factors (eg, race/ethnicity, education, problem drinking) that predispose to intimate partner violence were controlled for using propensity score statistical modeling.RESULTS-Eighty-two (73.2%) children reported being victimized by peers, and 38 (33.9%) children reported bullying behaviors in the past year. More reports came from girls than from boys (55% for victimization and 61% for bullying). Almost all (97%) child bullies were also victims themselves. Intimate partner violence was reported by parent respondents in 53 (50.5%) households at any or both of the 2 time points. Exposure to intimate partner violence was not associated with child-reported relational bullying behaviors or victimization by peers, However, intimate partner violence-exposed children were at increased risk for problematic levels of externalizing behavior/ physical aggression and internalizing behaviors.CONCLUSIONS-In our sample, children who were 6 to 13 years of age reported a substantial amount of bullying and victimization; a large majority were bully-victims and female. Regression analyses did not show that children who were exposed to intimate partner violence were more likely to engage in relational bullying. However, children who are exposed to intimate partner violence have a higher likelihood of internalizing behaviors and physical aggression. Bullying behaviors can emerge as early as elementary school age and usually peak during middle school. A large US study found that 11% of children in grades 6 to 10 bullied others "sometimes," with an additional 9% bullying more frequently. 3 Former victims were more likely to have poorer self-esteem and experience depression at age 23; likewise, 70% of bullies who were identified in seventh and ninth grades were involved in criminal activity by age 24, 7 yet little is known about risk factors that may predispose a child toward frequent bullying or victimization. Bullies tend to experience inconsistent authoritarian parenting styles and exhibit impulsive tend...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Bullying Involvement and Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is highly plausible that these decreased CSF OT concentrations that occur as a function of ELS have implications for maternal parenting behavior, but this has not been directly studied to date. Studies of mothers with observable differences in parenting behavior that can be a result of ELS (Dubowitz et al, 2001; Mielke et al, 2016) focusing on OT physiology and activity of OT brain circuits when processing infant cues would allow further insight into the ELS-associated biological underpinnings of the intergenerational transmission of maternal ELS. A study in primiparous women found that mothers who were classified as insecurely attached as opposed to mothers with a secure attachment style had lower peripheral OT concentrations after interaction with their infants.…”

Section: Ot and Early-life Stress (Els) – Role In Shaping Neural Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin pathways in the intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress

Toepfer

Heim

Entringer

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe stress in early life, such as childhood abuse and neglect, constitutes a major risk factor in the etiology of psychiatric disorders and somatic diseases. Importantly, these long-term effects may impact the next generation. The intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress (ELS) may occur via pre-and postnatal pathways, such as alterations in maternal-fetal-placental stress physiology, maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum, as well as impaired mother-offspring interactions. The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has gained considerable attention for its role in modulating all of these assumed transmission pathways. Moreover, central and peripheral OT signaling pathways are highly sensitive to environmental exposures and may be compromised by ELS with implications for these putative transmission mechanisms. Together, these data suggest that OT pathways play an important role in the intergenerational transmission of maternal ELS in humans. By integrating recent studies on gene-environment interactions and epigenetic modifications in OT pathway genes, the present review aims to develop a conceptual framework of intergenerational transmission of maternal ELS that emphasizes the role of OT.

show abstract

“…This pattern of fi ndings is consistent with those of Boyer and Fine (1992), who reported a higher rate of CPS contact for mothers who had been sexually abused (21%) compared with those who had not (8%), although it was unclear to what extent survivors themselves were the alleged perpetrators. Using a predominantly low-income, African-American sample of children who were medically and psychosocially at risk, Dubowitz et al (2001) found that mothers with a history of both physical and sexual abuse used physically harsher parenting practices than did those who had experienced either sexual abuse or physical abuse or had no abuse history at all. This suggests a possible cumulative impact of multiple forms of childhood maltreatment on later child abuse potential.…”

Section: Physically Abusive Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting Characteristics of Women Reporting a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article reviews research on the parenting characteristics of female survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Various aspects of parenting are considered, including (a) childbearing patterns, (b) the intergenerational transmission of CSA, (c) maternal reactions to child CSA disclosure, (d) parenting skills and behaviors, (e) parental violence toward children, (f) attitudes toward parenting, and (g) adjustment of survivors' children. Overall patterns suggest CSA survivors may experience difficulties with some aspects of parenting. Among the more consistent trends are findings that survivors may have difficulties establishing clear generational boundaries with their children, may be more permissive as parents, and may be more likely to use harsh physical discipline. Despite associations between CSA and parenting difficulties, the limited research addressing specific aspects of parenting, and limitations in study design, preclude causal inferences and make conclusions tentative at the present time. The clinical implications of this work and directions for future research are discussed.

show abstract

Type and Timing of Mothers' Victimization: Effects on Mothers and Children

Cited by 152 publications

References 28 publications

Childhood Bullying Involvement and Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence

Childhood Bullying Involvement and Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence

Oxytocin pathways in the intergenerational transmission of maternal early life stress

Parenting Characteristics of Women Reporting a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About