Type-a Carotid Cavernous Fistula: Ophthalmological Manifestations, Management and Outcome of Treatment in 28 Patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSECarotid cavernous fistula can present with myriad of symptoms and can often be misdiagnosed. The purpose of the study is to evaluate different clinical manifestations, management and outcome of treatment in direct CCF (type-A) carotid cavernous fistula.