Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among the rural Fulanis of northern Nigeria

Sabir, Anas Ahmad; Ohwovoriole, A.E; Isezuo, SA; Fasanmade, O.A; Abubakar, Sani Atta; Iwuala, S.O

doi:10.4103/1596-3519.122689

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This can be ascribed to the higher energy density of the cheaper foods purchased by low-income people and the resulting higher rate of obesity observed among them, at least in higher income countries [62]. Obesity indicators (abdominal obesity, high body fat percentage) and a family history of diabetes were also more prevalent in diabetics than in control subjects, which confirm that these are strong determinants of diabetes [61,63,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides associated with diabetes and obesity in Northern Benin (West Africa)

Azandjèmé¹,

Bouchard²,

Djrolo³

et al. 2014

J Environ Occup Sci

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Aim: Diabetes rising prevalence is of great concern in Africa because of its socioeconomic impacts in a context of limited access to health care. The inappropriate use of pesticides may add to the burden of diabetes in Africa. This study was carried out in a cotton producing area of Benin in order to assess the relationship between the highest prevalence of diabetes observed in the country and organochlorine pesticide (OCP) exposure. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted in 2011. A sample of 106 subjects with diabetes and 106 non-diabetic controls were paired by age, gender, ethnicity, and residential area. Personal and socioeconomic information, along with anthropometric measurements were collected. Blood samples were assayed for total lipids and 14 OCPs by gas-chromatography coupled with massspectrometry. Data were recorded for the four detectable OCPs: p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p'-DDT), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), and trans-nonachlor. Results: Serum levels of all four detected OCPs were consistently higher in diabetic subjects as compared to non-diabetic controls. The odds ratio (OR) of diabetes was nearly threefold higher when comparing the third tertile of p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT and β-HCH levels with the first tertile, without adjustment for potential confounders. The association remained significant for p,p'-DDT (OR = 2.59; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17-5.42) and p,p'-DDE (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.01-4.54) after adjusting for a family history of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and wealth index or education. Conclusion: Our data showed that exposure to p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE was associated with an increased risk of diabetes. These findings have major public health implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides associated with diabetes and obesity in Northern Benin (West Africa)

Azandjèmé¹,

Bouchard²,

Djrolo³

et al. 2014

J Environ Occup Sci

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“…The finding that patients seek medical intervention at advanced stages of their health conditions supports the views of. 14,19,21 These authors noted that diabetic patients in developing countries including Nigeria present with multiple complications at advanced stages as a result of poor health seeking behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maintaining a healthy weight by avoiding overconsumption of energy foods is, therefore, a clear key to diabetes prevention. 14,15 There are advantages in understanding the risk factors of diabetes mellitus. However, the fact that there is still a wide gap between what is known and what is practiced in the field of public health suggests the need to narrow this gap.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adults treated in Imo State University teaching hospital Orlu local government area, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria

Martina

Ezinna

2019

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Type 2 diabetes is the result of complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Diabetes epidemic is largely due to unhealthy diet and lifestyles. Dietary composition affects both its development and complications because fatty acids influence glucose metabolism by altering cell membrane function, enzyme activity, insulin signalling, and gene expression. Therefore, replacing saturated fats and trans-fatty acids with unsaturated fats has beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and in reducing the risks of type 2 diabetes. Research has shown that if people with diabetes, together with the health care workers manage diabetes well, that the risk of complications will be greatly reduced or prevented or delayed. This study focused on assessing the prevalence and causes of type 2 diabetes, types of complications patients presented, and the likely preventive interventions given to them in University Teaching Hospital Orlu.Methods: A retrospective study that carried out extensive review of hospital records of adults admitted and treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus from 2015 to 2017 in University Teaching Hospital was done. The review of the adult patients' records lasted for three working weeks. In the review, summaries of causes of diabetes, types of complications and preventive measures health workers provided to the patients were documented.Results: Finding showed that 79 adults made up of 43(54.4%) males and 36(45.6%) female between 41-77 years were admitted and treated for various causes of type 2 diabetes between 2015 and 2017. Most of the patients treated were civil and public servants. The main cause of diabetes mellitus 51(65%) among the patients studied was physical inactivity due to sedentary work. The common complications presented were hypertension, diabetic ulcer, depression and obesity. Health talks and group counselling were the interventions provided. These interventions concentrated on types of healthy dietary intakes and lifestyles the patients should adopt.Conclusions: Regular and sustained health care services that would emphasize healthy diet and lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus should be provided to all patients treated in this hospital. Therefore, obese diabetic patients should be encouraged to engage in physical exercises so as to maintain healthy body weight which is a cornerstone for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…Use of tobacco is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), lung cancer and diabetic neuropathy in patients with both type II and I diabetes and stroke [21]. Tobacco smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke together are responsible for about 6.3 million annual deaths worldwide and 6.3% of the global burden of disease, mostly in low-and middleincome countries [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in Nigeria on Knowledge and risk factors of NCDs have focused on specific NCDs like hypertension, obesity, diabetes etc knowledge and risk factors [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Only a few studies on the knowledge and prevalence of the behavioral risk factors contributing to NCDs among the general population have been undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Risk Factors Prevalence of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria: a case study of Adult population in Delta State

Samuel¹

2017

J App Biol Biotech

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Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the major causes of mortality and morbidity globally. Knowledge about NCDs and their risk factors are not only considered critical in NCDs prevention and management, but hold the potential to reduce the burden. This cross-sectional descriptive study was aimed at determining NCDs knowledge level and risk factors prevalence among adult population in Delta State. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the participants and was then subjected to data analysis using of SPSS version 20. Findings shows low knowledge of NCDs and its risk factors with only 16.66% having good knowledge of NCDs and 12.17% good knowledge level of its risk factors. Prevalence profile of the risk factors among the participants revealed varied responses, with four risks factors showing high prevalence value of above 20%: sedentarism (23.96%); high fast foods consumption (39.79%); inadequate fruit and vegetable (37.70%); excess soft drinks consumption (62.71%). Hypertension was the most self -reported NCDs among the studied population (43.75%); followed by arthritis and low back pain (23.13%); Bronchial asthma (20.42%) and diabetes (8.54%). These findings revealed clustering of NCDs risk factors among the studied population, thus an expected increase in NCDs burden consequently. Since most of these risk factors can be reduced by behavioral modifications, population -wide education on NCDs and its risks factors as well as the strengthening of existing Primary health care centers for early detection of NCDs is herewith suggested.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among the rural Fulanis of northern Nigeria

Abstract: The prevalence rates of DM and its principal risk factor obesity are low among the rural Nigerian Fulani. However, the prevalence of prediabetes is relatively high, a factor that may predispose to the future development of DM.

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides associated with diabetes and obesity in Northern Benin (West Africa)

Serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides associated with diabetes and obesity in Northern Benin (West Africa)

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adults treated in Imo State University teaching hospital Orlu local government area, Imo State, Owerri, Nigeria

Knowledge and Risk Factors Prevalence of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria: a case study of Adult population in Delta State

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