Type 2 diabetes mellitus and colorectal neoplasia risk in Hispanics: a case–control study

Abstract

Aims There is inconclusive evidence regarding the potential link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Associations between type 2 DM and colorectal neoplasia (CRN; colorectal cancer and/or adenomas) have not been well studied in Hispanics, an ethnic minority at high risk for type 2 DM. This study aims to determine the association between type 2 DM and CRN in Hispanics. Methods Hispanics with incident CRN and colonoscopy-negative controls from 2005–2009 were evaluated. Diagnosis of type 2 DM was established by previous medical diagnosis and/or use of DM treatments. Unconditional logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios for the association between type 2 DM and CRN. Results A total of 451 participants (mean age 61.1 ± 11.9 years, 59.6 % men) were evaluated (218 with incident CRC, 77 with colorectal adenomas, and 156 colonoscopy-negative controls). The prevalence of type 2 DM in this study was 25.1%. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, women with type 2 DM were 2.74 (95% CI: 0.94–7.99) times more likely to have CRN and 4.83 times more likely to present with proximal colonic CRN (95% CI: 1.25–18.58) than women without type 2 DM. No statistically significant associations were found between type 2 DM and CRN among men. Conclusions An increased risk for CRN and proximal location of CRN was observed among Hispanic women with type 2 DM. Since DM is a highly prevalent disease in this population, adherence to routine CRC screening is of outmost importance.

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Racial–Ethnic Disparities in Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Among Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites of New Mexico

“…Diabetes is also an established risk factor for CRC with positive associations between CRC and insulin use (Rosato et al, 2016; Sun & Yu, 2012; Yuhara et al, 2011). The evidence for an association between type 2 diabetes and CRC risk is inconclusive with results differing by gender and anatomical location in the bowel (Acevedo et al, 2012; Díaz-Algorri et al, 2015; Rosato et al, 2016; Sun & Yu, 2012). Limited evidence suggests an association between prediabetes and gastrointestinal (stomach and colorectal) cancer (Huang et al, 2014).…”