Type 2 Diabetes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

Yang, Yi‐Ning; Xie, Xiang; Ma, Yun; Li, Xiaomei; Fu, Zhen-Yan; Ma, Xiang; Ding, Hu; Chen, Bang‐Dang; Liu, Fen; Huang, Ying; Liu, Cheng; Zheng, Ying‐Ying; Baituola, Gulinaer; Zhou, Yu; You, Chun‐Xiang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035270

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Some studies indicated that sex hormone level was an independent risk factor for dyslipidemia [27]. Third, The overall prevalence of diabetes was generally low (1.56%) in this study, which was similar with previous Kazakh reports (1.47-3.65%) [28,29], but much lower than 9.7% of the national average level [30]. Unlike previous studies, which reported that diabetes tended to be bundled with hypertension, and that there was substantial overlap between diabetes mellitus and hypertension in etiology and disease mechanisms, our results revealed that diabetes mellitus was a relatively independent disease, and 3.1% of hypertension patients had a coinstantaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Epidemic Of Cardiovascular Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and its Transition: An Ongoing Cohort Study in Chinese Kazakhs

Jiang¹,

Zhang²,

Hou³

et al. 2017

Recent Trends in Cardiovascular Risks

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Studies on the prevalence of risk factors and the incidence for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are limited in Kazakh population. By incorporating nomads, farmers, and urban residents, aged 30 years or older, in a cohort study, we investigated the characteristics of cardiovascular risk factors and their temporal trends that arose from the urbanization and subsequent changes in the lifestyle in a Kazakh population with 1668 participants. We used current guidelines and the monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease (MONICA) standard to define cardiovascular events. Kazakhs had a high prevalence rate of hypertension (45.3%), and this prevalence was much higher than the national average in China. Prevalence of two or more risk factors was highest among urban people and lowest among nomads. Urban residents have the highest prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and obesity compared with farmers and nomads. However, unlike other studies, our data indicate that young men had the highest prevalence of dyslipidemia, and it decreased significantly thereafter. Crude rates of incidence and mortality for acute cardiovascular events were 742 and 194 per 100,000 people, respectively; the standardized rates were 926 and 272 per 100,000 people, respectively. The findings from this study demonstrate the pervasive burden of cardiovascular risk factors and the related acute cardiovascular events in Kazakhs, particularly BP in Kazakh nomads.

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Section: Epidemic Of Cardiovascular Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and its Transition: An Ongoing Cohort Study in Chinese Kazakhs

Jiang¹,

Zhang²,

Hou³

et al. 2017

Recent Trends in Cardiovascular Risks

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“…As described previously, the prevalence of diabetes in Xinjiang adults is very high, and the rate of awareness, treatment, and control is very low, particularly in the Uygur and Kazak populations (Yang et al, 2012). The Xinjiang Province of China is part of the ancient Silk Road and borders eight countries including Russia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizastan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, India, and Afghanistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Among them, the Uygur people account for 46%, the Han account for 40%, and Kazaks account for 7%. Xinjiang is a multi-ethnic region, and Uygur adults are a potentially high-risk diabetic population (Yang et al, 2012). Therefore, much attention must be paid to the children of this population to take preventive measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes is as high as 9.7% in adults ≥20 years of age (Yang et al, 2010). In a previous study, we reported that the prevalence of adult diabetes in the Xinjiang Uygur population of western China was 6.23% (Yang et al, 2012). Tao et al (2008) reported that the prevalence of diabetes was 8.16% in the Uygur population and was 1.47% in the Kazak population in 2008, whereas Awuti et al (2012) reported a diabetes prevalence of 9.0% in the Uygur population in 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Uygur children of Xinjiang, China

Zhang

Ma²,

Xie³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in Xinjiang children in western China. Data were obtained from the Chun-Miao Project, a community-based, cross-sectional study designed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in children of the Chinese Uygur population in Xinjiang from February 2010 to May 2012. A total of 3644 children completed the survey and measurements of fasting glucose. Diabetes and IFG were defined using American Diabetes Association 2009 criteria. Overall, 0.7% of the 3644 Uygur children had IFG and 0.1% had diabetes. In the newborn to 8-year-old group, the prevalence of diabetes and IFG was 0.6 and 1.1%, respectively. In the 9-13-year-old group, the prevalence of diabetes and IFG was 0.1 and 0.7%, respectively. There was no evidence of IFG or diabetes in the 14-17-year-old group. Logistic regression analysis suggested that overweight and obesity were independent risk factors of diabetes in Uygur children of Xinjiang. The prevalence of diabetes and IFG in Uygur children was lower than that reported previously in children of other ethnicities in China.

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“…In China, the Kazak population has a significantly higher proportion of overweight individuals and a higher incidence of insulin resistance and hypertension compared with the Han population (17). Furthermore, the Kazak population are known to consume more meat and fewer vegetables than the Han population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and DNA methylation status of microRNA-375 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sun

Liang

et al. 2013

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Recent studies have shown that DNA methylation in the promoter of microRNA-375 (miR-375) downregulates its expression during tumorigenesis. However, it is not known if CpG methylation of the miR-375 promoter also has a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, the expression level and CpG methylation status of miR-375 in patients with T2DM were analyzed. Plasma samples from 100 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy controls with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were collected. The plasma levels of miR-375 were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and the methylation status of 17 CpG sites in the promoter of the miR-375 were determined using MassARRAY spectrometry. The plasma levels of miR-375 were found to be upregulated in patients with T2DM compared with controls with NGT (P<0.05). Overall, the methylation levels of the miR-375 promoter in patients with T2DM were not significantly different compared with controls with NGT; however, further studies revealed that four of the eight analyzed individual CpG units within the amplicon were significantly hypomethylated in T2DM samples compared with the NGT samples. This study demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that miR-375 is overexpressed in plasma in patients with T2DM, and this may be used as a novel biomarker to distinguish between patients with T2DM and healthy individuals. It was also demonstrated in this study that the miR-375 promoter is hypomethylated, in patients with T2DM, which may regulate the expression of miR-375 and contribute to the pathogenesis of T2DM.

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Type 2 Diabetes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and its Transition: An Ongoing Cohort Study in Chinese Kazakhs

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and its Transition: An Ongoing Cohort Study in Chinese Kazakhs

Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Uygur children of Xinjiang, China

Expression and DNA methylation status of microRNA-375 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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