Type 2 Diabetes in Asian-Indian Urban Children

Ramachandran, Ambady; Snehalatha, Chamukuttan; Kumpatla, Satyavani; Sivasankari, S.; Vijay, V.

doi:10.2337/diacare.26.4.1022

Cited by 113 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…25 Consequently, childhood-onset T2DM in Southern Asians, including Indians, is clinically similar to adult-onset nonobese T2DM, which is also associated with predominant insulin resistance. 26,27 This has also been seen in the U.K. and U.Ｓ. 1,2,15 Moreover, all childhood-onset T2DM cases reported in the above Indian study, as well as those reported in other ethnic groups, 1-6, 15, 28-30 showed good glycaemic control with oral antidiabetic agents alone, as elevated insulin responses were observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Clinical and genetic features of childhood-onset Type 2 diabetes in Japan

et al. 2007

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Aims: We aimed to define the detailed clinical features of Japanese childhood-onset Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to determine whether their discernable characteristics were similar to those of adult-and childhood-onset T2DM in other countries. Research design and methods: Subjects were 22 patients (10 males and 12 females) under treatment without hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α or mitochondrial gene mutations and who were diagnosed as diabetic when less than 15 years of age. Results: Body mass indices in boys and girls at onset were 25.8 ± 6.3 and 24.7 ± 3.6, respectively, with mean ages of 13.3 ± 1.7 and 12.8 ± 2.0 years, respectively. Most patients had a short diabetic duration that required insulin treatment. One or both parents of 18 of the 22 T2DM subjects were diabetic and seven subjects had a history of diabetes in their family over three generations. Conclusion: We demonstrated that a relatively high number of Japanese childhood-onset T2DM cases have a strong genetic factor, and are not necessarily related to excessive obesity. Furthermore, most patients required insulin therapy in the initial stages because of insufficient pancreatic ß-cell reserves. This suggests that malfunction of pancreatic ß-cells triggers hyperglycemia resulting in the requirement for insulin in some Japanese childhood-onset T2DM patients. (Int J Diabetes Metab 14: 106-109, 2006)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Clinical and genetic features of childhood-onset Type 2 diabetes in Japan

et al. 2007

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“…[43]. As per this data, T2DM subjects are in the productive age (40 --69 years) which is an early stage of onset as compared to other ethnic groups (Approximately 10 years younger in Indians compared with Chinese and Japanese subjects) [43,44]. However, it is consistent with the Asian Phenotype.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Analysis of complicating risk factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Raj¹,

Navis²,

Bhatti³

et al. 2018

Integr Obesity Diabetes

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated disease affecting different populations and the starting age of subjects is as early as 15 years old. Since anthropometric, clinical and genetic risk factors are associated with the development of T2DM, the complications developed due to T2DM are life-threatening. Therefore, this research analyzes the complicating risk factors of T2DM. Materials and methods:An observational study of approximately 10,000 north Indian individuals were contacted and a total of 703 subjects (351 control subjects and 352 T2DM subjects) belonging to north Indian states were recruited for the analysis of the risk factors.Result: Very early onset of T2DM, very large undiagnosed population, high newly diagnosed T2DM subjects, independent effect of complicating risk factors etc. were the results obtained from the research. Conclusion:Considering the complications and early onset of T2DM, despite the other diseases along with T2DM, early mortality and increased mortality due to T2DM were observed in north Indian population.major role in the susceptibility to T2DM. There are much differences seen in insulin secretion and sensitivity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and T2DM in subjects with different risk factors [18]. However, new alcohol drinkers in middle age and drink rarely may experience benefit in cardiovascular disease and diabetic complication [19] whereas rare and light drinkers after increasing alcohol consumption over short period of time are associated with lower risk of T2DM [20]. Moreover, cigarette smoking and smoking cessation lead to higher short-term risk of T2DM [21].The long term complications of T2DM are chronic complications in circulatory system that may cause blindness, lower limb gangrene and renal failure in adults. It is also a major risk factor for strokes and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [22]. Since T2DM is common, its related disorders such as nephropathy [23], neuropathy and retinopathy are also more common. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of T2DM and the prevalence of nephropathy has been increasing worldwide [24,25]. In subjects with CAD and T2DM, the complications lead to functional and structural vascular alterations of the peripheral Materials and MethodologyIn this research, a preliminary observation of incidence of T2DM subjects of approximately 10,000 was interviewed. Apart from this, 351 control and 352 T2DM subjects from nearby locations of Chandigarh belonging to the states of Haryana, Utter Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu Kashmir, Punjab, Delhi, Rajasthan, West Bengal etc. and resident of Chandigarh, Panchkula, Mohali, Baltana, etc. were recruited. This is because these cities/towns have resident migrated populations of these states. They were recruited at referral points /schools / hospitals etc. to administer the questionnaire for the data capture for this research. The subjects were completely analyzed using the criteria for control and T2DM subjects specified by diabetes associations. A formal broc...

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“…Although type 1 diabetes remains the main form of the disease in children worldwide, it is likely that type 2 diabetes will be the predominant form within 10 years in many ethnic groups. Type 2 diabetes has already been reported in children in a number of countries, including Japan, the U.S., India, Australia, and the U.K. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). This new phenomenon brings a serious new aspect to the global diabetes epidemic and heralds an emerging public health problem of major proportions.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%