Type 2 Diabetes and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Background/Aims: To confirm in a cohort recruited in 1999–2001 our finding in a cohort recruited in 1992–1994 relating type 2 diabetes (T2D) to late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). Methods: Participants were 1,488 persons aged 65 years and older without dementia at baseline from New York City. T2D was ascertained by self-report. Dementia and LOAD were ascertained by standard research procedures. Proportional hazard regression was used for analyses relating T2D and LOAD. Results: The prevalence of T2D was 17%. There were 161 cases of dementia and 149 cases of LOAD. T2D was related to dementia (hazard ratio = 1.7; 95% confidence interval = 1.4–2.9) and LOAD (1.6; 1.0–2.6) after adjustment for age, sex, education, ethnic group and apolipoprotein E Ε4. This association was weaker when only AD – excluding cases of mixed dementia – was considered (hazard ratio = 1.3; 95% confidence interval = 0.8–2.2). Conclusion: T2D is associated with LOAD. Cerebrovascular disease may be an important mediator.

An Update on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Dementia

“…In 1999, the Rotterdam study reported that T2DM could double the risk of AD [39]. More recently, T2DM was shown to be associated with a 60% increase of AD risk [83]. The association between T2DM and AD was not observed in one study with very old T2DM subjects (≥80 years old) (48).…”

Tau, APP, NCT and BACE1 in lymphocytes through cognitively normal ageing and neuropathology

“…As neither of these risk factors is sufficient to trigger the pathogenesis of AD, it is reasonable to believe that a combination of a number of them determines whether or not an individual will suffer from the disease, as well as the age of onset. A wide variety of risk factors for AD have been investigated; although some results remain controversial, several studies show a relation between medical conditions such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and high cholesterol and triglycerides blood levels, and the risk to develop late-onset AD (Irizarry 2004, Lane and Farlow 2005, Razay et al 2007, Cheng et al 2011.…”

Associação entre diabetes mellitus e demência: estudo neuropatológico

“…Associação positiva foi relatada entre DM e demência, DA e DV (Ott et al, 1996;Bowirrat et al, 2002). Nielson et al (1996) Onze estudos fizeram o diagnóstico de DM por autorrelato e/ou uso de medicamentos e/ou por histórico médico (Katzman et al, 1989;Brayne et al, 1998;Luchsinger et al, 2001;Hassing et al, 2002;Arvanitakis et al, 2004;Luchsinger et al, 2005;Borenstein et al, 2005;Hayden et al, 2006;Ahtiluoto et al, 2010;Cheng et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). Apenas dois estudos utilizaram a dosagem específica de glicemia jejum para o diagnóstico de DM (Irie et al, 2008;Kimm et al, 2011).…”

“…A maioria desses estudos epidemiológicos mostrou uma associação positiva de DM com DA (Leibson et al, 1997;Brayne et al, 1998;Ott et al, 1999;Peila et al, 2002;Arvanitakis et al, 2004;Luchsinger et al, 2005;Borenstein et al, 2005;Ahtiluoto et al, 2010;Kimm et al, 2011;Cheng et al, 2011;Ohara et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). Entretanto, outros trabalhos descreveram nenhuma associação entre DM e DA, porém positiva para DM e DV (Curb et al, 1999;Luchsinger et al, 2001;MacKnight et al, 2002;Hassing et al, 2002;Raffaitin et al, 2009; (Leibson et al, 1997;Brayne et al, 1998;Arvanitakis et al, 2004;Luchsinger et al, 2005;Irie et al, 2008;Cheng et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012).…”

“…Entretanto, outros trabalhos descreveram nenhuma associação entre DM e DA, porém positiva para DM e DV (Curb et al, 1999;Luchsinger et al, 2001;MacKnight et al, 2002;Hassing et al, 2002;Raffaitin et al, 2009; (Leibson et al, 1997;Brayne et al, 1998;Arvanitakis et al, 2004;Luchsinger et al, 2005;Irie et al, 2008;Cheng et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). (Ott et al, 1999;MacKnight et al, 2002;Peila et al, 2002;Xu et al, 2004;Akomolafe et al, 2006;Raffaitin et al, 2009;Ohara et al, 2011).…”