Type 1 diabetes mellitus care and education in China: The 3C study of coverage, cost, and care in Beijing and Shantou

McGuire, Helen; Ji, Linong; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Whiting, David; Aguirre, Florencia; Zhang, Puhong; Lin, Shaoda; Gong, Chunxiu; Zhao, Weigang; Lu, Juming; X, Guo; Ji, Ying; Seuring, Till; Hong, Tianpei; Chen, Li-Shu; Weng, Jianping; Zhou, Zhiguang

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.02.027

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several recent studies have reported that the gap between life expectancy for those with Type 1 diabetes and those without is steadily narrowing as a result of major medical advances over the past three decades [3,4]. Our previous study showed that only 34.7% of people with Type 1 diabetes used four injections per day, while 45% used two injections per day [20]. According to those data, in 2010, 9.3% and 19.0% of individuals were aged >60 years in the Type 1 diabetes population and the general population, respectively, which suggests far worse survival rates among people with Type 1 diabetes in China than in Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) clearly showed that intensive insulin therapy, defined as three or more injections per day of insulin or insulin pump therapy, was a key part of improved glycaemia and better outcomes [19]. Our previous study showed that only 34.7% of people with Type 1 diabetes used four injections per day, while 45% used two injections per day [20]. As compared with Western countries [21], China also had a relatively low utilization rate of insulin pumps in Type 1 diabetes at 11.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age distribution and metabolic disorders in people with Type 1 diabetes in Beijing and Shantou, China: a cross‐sectional study

Huo

Deng

et al. 2018

Diabet. Med.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age distribution and metabolic disorders in people with Type 1 diabetes in Beijing and Shantou, China: a cross‐sectional study

Huo

Deng

et al. 2018

Diabet. Med.

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“…Discussion DSME is an essential component of diabetes management, especially in T1D [20]. Unfortunately, few T1D patients in China receive systematic DSME [11] due to the lack of standardized, validated SEPs. Therefore, we developed the first programme specific to T1D education in China.…”

Section: Part 3: Preliminary Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a type 1 diabetes structured education programme suitable for Chinese patients: Type 1 Diabetes Education in Lifestyle and Self Adjustment (TELSA)

Xie

Liu

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Various guidelines recommend that all adults diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) should be offered an evidence based, structured education programme (SEP) to optimize selfmanagement care. China has a 13,000 annual increase in newly diagnosed T1D cases, of which 65% are adults. However, there is yet no validated SEP targeted to T1D patients in China. The purpose of this study is to establish a structured T1D self-management education programme-'Type 1 Diabetes Education in Lifestyle and Self Adjustment' (TELSA) that is adapted to medical and cultural practices in China.Methods: TELSA programme was developed based on the ADDIE model, following three steps: i) Semistructured interviews were administered to 10 healthcare professionals (HCPs) and 13 T1D patients.Different topic guides, focusing on 4 dimensions including goals, contents, format of delivery, and quality assurance, were designed for either HCPs or patients. The interviews were recorded and analysed with thematic analysis. ii) Extracted themes were modified according to Delphi consultation.iii) Preliminary courses were conducted as pilot study to evaluate the effects of TELSA and optimization of the curriculum was finalized accordingly.

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“…However, studies showed that youths are at increased risk for suboptimal glycaemic control (Hartl, Seiffge-Krenke, & Laursen, 2015;Schwandt et al, 2017). According to studies from mainland China, youth had an average HbA 1c ranging from 8.25%-9.2% and more than 50% of these youth failed to achieve the goal of glycaemic control, namely, HbA 1c below 7.5% (Huo et al, 2018;McGuire et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of family functioning and resilience on self‐management and glycaemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes

Luo

Cai

et al. 2019

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Aims and objectives To examine the effects of family functioning and resilience on self‐management and glycaemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes and to determine whether resilience mediates the effects of family functioning on self‐management and glycaemic control. Background Poor self‐management and glycaemic control are common in youth with type 1 diabetes. Family functioning and resilience are known to be important psychosocial factors that contribute to individual health and development. However, no studies have explored the effects of family functioning and resilience on self‐management and glycaemic control among youths with type 1 diabetes in mainland China. Design This study was conducted using a survey with a convenience sample following the STROBE guidelines. Methods A total of 204 Chinese youth who had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes for at least 6 months were recruited. Family functioning, resilience, self‐management and diabetes distress were measured using self‐reports and standard measurement tools. Glycaemic control was assessed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels. A structural equation model was used to test the hypothesised model. Results The final model accounted for 52.1% and 19.5% of the total variance of self‐management and HbA1C level, respectively. Resilience had a direct effect on self‐management and an indirect effect on control of HbA1C. Family functioning had an indirect effect on both self‐management and control of HbA1C through resilience. The model remained invariant across the mild‐distress and severe‐distress groups. Conclusion In Chinese youth with type 1 diabetes, resilience positively affected self‐management and ultimately optimised glycaemic control, even in the presence of diabetes distress. Family functioning positively affected self‐management and glycaemic control by promoting resilience. Relevance to clinical practice This study found that family functioning and resilience had positive effects on self‐management and glycaemic control in youth. This study confirms the importance of incorporating resilience assessments and family‐based resilience interventions into clinical nursing practice with youth with type 1 diabetes.

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus care and education in China: The 3C study of coverage, cost, and care in Beijing and Shantou

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Age distribution and metabolic disorders in people with Type 1 diabetes in Beijing and Shantou, China: a cross‐sectional study

Age distribution and metabolic disorders in people with Type 1 diabetes in Beijing and Shantou, China: a cross‐sectional study

Establishment of a type 1 diabetes structured education programme suitable for Chinese patients: Type 1 Diabetes Education in Lifestyle and Self Adjustment (TELSA)

The effects of family functioning and resilience on self‐management and glycaemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes

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