Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetic Patients Display Different Patterns of Cellular Microparticles

Abstract

The development of vasculopathies in diabetes involves multifactorial processes including pathological activation of vascular cells. Release of microparticles by activated cells has been reported in diseases associated with thrombotic risk, but few data are available in diabetes. The aim of the present work was to explore the number and the procoagulant activity of cell-derived microparticles in type 1 and 2 diabetic patients. Compared with age-matched control subjects, type 1 diabetic patients presented significantly higher numbers of platelet and endothelial microparticles (PMP and EMP), total annexin V-positive blood cell microparticles (TMP), and increased levels of TMP-associated procoagulant activity. In type 2 diabetic patients, only TMP levels were significantly higher without concomitant increase of their procoagulant activity. Interestingly, in type 1 diabetic patients, TMP procoagulant activity was correlated with HbA 1c , suggesting that procoagulant activity is associated with glucose imbalance. These results showed that a wide vesiculation process, resulting from activation or apoptosis of several cell types, occurs in diabetes. However, diabetic patients differ by the procoagulant activity and the cellular origin of microparticles. In type 1 diabetic patients, TMP-procoagulant activity could be involved in vascular complications. Moreover, its correlation with HbA 1c reinforces the importance of an optimal glycemic control in type 1 diabetes.

Obesity and sexual dysfunction, male and female

“…An increase in endothelial microparticle (EMP) levels has been demonstrated in patients with cardiovascular disease, such as acute coronary syndromes, diabetes, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. [29][30][31][32][33] Microparticles can also influence endothelial functions: microparticles from patients with acute coronary syndromes directly impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in rat aorta-rings, presumably by inhibition of the nitric oxide-mediated signal transduction. 34,35 Although microparticles are elevated in condition of endothelial cell loss, as a consequence of inflammatory processes and the associated vascular damage, they may play a direct role in atherogenesis, also considering that EMPs can directly activate and stimulate cells to produce inflammatory mediators such as cytokines.…”

Microparticle‐associated tissue factor activity: a link between cancer and thrombosis?

“…MP have been found in the circulation of healthy subjects [20]. Elevated numbers of MP were found in patients with a variety of diseases associated with hypercoagulability and vessel wall injury [21][22][23]. One of the most intriguing questions is whether specific MP express functionally active TF and form a critical determinant in thrombus formation.…”

Microvesicles and diabetic complications — novel mediators, potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets

“…T1DM and T2DM patients have circulating MVs with different cellular origins. Sabatier et al indicated that blood levels of plateletderived MVs, endothelial-derived MVs, and total annexin V + MVs are significantly increased in T1DM, whereas the increases are not statistically significant in T2DM patients, except for total MVs when compared with age-matched control subjects [11] . CD36 + -MV levels are significantly higher in obese people with T2DM than those in lean and obese controls without T2DM, and the MVs in T2DM patients are primarily derived from erythrocytes [12] .…”