Tympanic membrane retraction: An endoscopic evaluation of staging systems

Abstract

Endoscopic image capture may provide a clear objective record of TM retraction, but current staging systems have unsatisfactory reliability when applied to such images, and retraction stage correlates poorly with hearing threshold. Modification of retraction assessment to improve validity and clinical relevance is proposed.

The effect of light intensity on image quality in endoscopic ear surgery

“…5 A recent study of rater evaluation of digital images of retraction pockets, where the rater was asked to classify retraction pockets by the Tos and Sade classification systems, again found intra-rater agreement to be fair to moderate; this is despite these classification systems being well established and in widespread use. 20 Therefore, although we accept that intra-rater reliability is a limitation to this study, the authors judge that our raters have reasonable enough intra-rater agreement to substantiate the overall results.…”

Pars Tensa Retractions Without Cholesteatoma in Children

“…As our study shows, preoperative stage of PTR is not a predictor for long incus process defect. Some authors consider that the contact of a retracted PT with the promontory increases the hearing threshold, more than a retraction involving the incus, as has been shown in an endoscopic study (15). On the contrary, in combined retractions, both proved to not be a predictor of a long incus process defect, but they did both predict a long incus process+stapes suprastructure defect.…”

A Comparative Study between Pure Tone Audiometry and Impedance Audiometry Findings in Patients with Chronic Retracted Tympanic Membranes

“…middle ear, the circular fibres which impart strength to the tympanic membrane get atrophied leading to atrophic changes in the Tympanic Membrane. 4. Atelectasis of the Tympanic Membrane:…”

“…The terms "atelectasis" or sometimes "adhesive otitis media" can be used to describe retraction of a large area of the pars tensa. Attempts have been made to categorise the extent of tympanic membrane retraction (1)(2)(3) though the validity of these classifications is limited (4) . However, the most commonly used classification for these Tympanic membrane retraction is Sade's Classification (1) .…”