Two Year Case Study of Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) at Broomfield, CO WWTP

Rutt, Ken; Seda, Jim; Johnson, Chandler

doi:10.2175/193864706783710848

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The plant has been operating since November 2002 in the IFAS mode and has shown successful N and P removal (Rutt et al, 2006), but a complete analysis of the kinetics and of the microbial communities present at the plant was up to now missing. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: 1) Evaluate the nitrification rates and kinetics that occur in both the fixed-film media and the suspended activated sludge in the two-stage nitrification process at the plant; 2) Identify and quantify the nitrifying populations and their distribution on the fixed-film (media) and in the suspended activated sludge; 3) Assess the denitrification rates and kinetics at the plant and compare with conventional BNR plants; 4) Investigate the potential occurrence of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the system via nitrogen balance.…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetcis and Nitrifying Populations in Nitrogen Removal Processes at a Full-Scale Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (Ifas) Plant

Onnis‐Hayden¹,

Dair²,

Johnson³

et al. 2007

proc water environ fed

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This study evaluated the nitrification rates and kinetics in an Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) plant with two-stage nitrification process at Broomfield, CO. Batch tests were conducted at site with both fixed-film media and suspended mixed liquor from the two nitrification stages. The nitrification rates for mixed liquor only was 2.64 for stage 1 and 2.0 for stage 2 in unit of mgN/gTS/h. The rate for media was 5.89 mgN/gTS-hr for stage 1 and 2.36 mgN/gTS-hr for stage 2. Overall nitrification rate tests with both suspended mixed liquor and media at 40% fill yielded rates of 4.77 mgN/gTS-hr for stage 1 and 2.3 mgN/gTS-hr for stage 2, which agree with the values calculated based the rates obtained with mixed liquor or media alone. The results showed that the nitrification mainly occurs on the media-biofilm and incorporation of the media in the hybrid system increased the nitrification capacity by about 155% for Stage #1 and by 25% for Stage #2. The overall nitrification rate for the stage #1 was 1.12 gNO X -N/m 2 /d at 20 °C, which agrees with values previously reported. The nitrification rate in stage 2 was 0.28 gNO X -N/m 2 /d at 20 °C and the very low residual ammonia concentration in stage 2 seems to limit the nitrification rates and yield lower nitrifying biomass. This indicates that the benefits of maintaining higher nitrification activity on the fixed-film starts to diminish with increasing stages of reactor. The observed denitrification rates for raw wastewater ranged from 3.4-5.46 mgNO X -N/gVSS*h at COD of 10 to 50mg/l. When fed acetate, value up to 9.3 mgNO X -N/gVSS*h were found at COD of 90 mg/L. The in situ denitrification rate calculated based on full-scale plant data was 7.28 mgNO X -N/gVSS*h and this value is higher in comparison to similar study conducted with mixed liquor from conventional AS plant as a result of the much shorter SRT (4 days on average) in the suspended mixed liquor in the IFAS system where most of the denitrifiers likely reside. Identification and quantification the nitrifying populations and their distribution on the fixed-film and in the suspended activated sludge were also assessed using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results showed that most AOB nitrifiers are attached to the media and they belong to the Nitrosomonas europaea/eutropha/halophila and the Nitrosomonas oligotropha lineages. NOB were rather abundant in the nitrifying part of the biofilm (10-20% of the total population), and identified as belonging to the Nitrospira sp. NOB of the genus Nitrobacter could not be detected . Only few of both AOB and NOB were detected in the mixed liquor, mostly as very small aggregates, indicating, as the results of the batch test suggested, that nitrification mainly occurs on the media and that the nitrifiers in the mixed liquor are originated from the biofilm by detachment. 3099 WEFTEC®.07

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Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetcis and Nitrifying Populations in Nitrogen Removal Processes at a Full-Scale Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (Ifas) Plant

Onnis‐Hayden¹,

Dair²,

Johnson³

et al. 2007

proc water environ fed

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“…The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the aeration tank should be increased from 5 to 7-8 h (Table 4), which implies no excessive space requirements. To implement the IFAS-UCT configuration, three different compartments are required: the aerobic zone filled with biofilm carrier media (30-40 %) for nitrification, an anoxic zone (40 %) for denitrification, and the anaerobic (15-25 %) for TP removal (Rutt et al 2006;Albizuri et al 2010). Regarding the use of additional strategies for nitrogen removal, the EDSS proposes, as an estimate, the treatment of head returns using an emergent technology: the deammonification process (partial nitritation ?…”

Section: Scenario Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anammox). This technology can efficiently remove 15-20 % of the TN load from the influent (Rutt et al 2006). The combination of the enhanced nutrient removal of the UCT configuration with the deammonification of the head returns readily facilitates compliance with UWD discharge limits (\10 mg L -1 TN).…”

Section: Scenario Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a multi-criteria decision model to select of design choices for WWTPs

Garrido-Baserba

Reif

Molinos-Senante

et al. 2016

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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Stricter regulations in the field of sanitation are driving new dimensions of analysis, in which socioeconomic criteria combined with associated environmental issues are in turn increasing the complexity of wastewater management. In this environment, the development of innovative wastewater treatment technologies provides decision-makers with many efficient alternatives to face these new challenges. This growing number of alternatives inevitably leads, however, to ever greater complexity in the design or upgrade of treatment facilities and demands the acquisition and integration of updated knowledge and well-co-ordinated expertise, encouraging a multi-disciplinary approach. In this paper, it was demonstrated that these requirements have been successfully met in a environmental decision support systems (EDSS). The EDSS was built according to a knowledge-based methodology, whose main objective is the identification and assessment of the most appropriate wastewater treatment technologies for the design of new facilities or the upgrading of obsolete plants. Because removal of nutrients is essential to this approach, this study explores the use of the EDSS to address the selection of biological treatment technologies for different scenarios characterized by wastewater composition (C/N ratio) and other relevant criteria such as environmental and economic factors, population size, discharge in sensitive areas, reuse, cost-benefit analysis, life-cycle analysis, and technical aspects (use of innovative technologies, space availability, reliability, and simplicity of operation)This study has been partially financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (Consolider Project-NOVEDAR) (CSD2007-00055

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“…The IFAS process generally is applied in the municipal sector for enhancing nitrification or total nitrogen removal in existence of activated sludge facilities [4]. Several studies evaluated the performance of integrated fixed-film activated sludge for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment [5]. Paul et al [6] have reported that a clear spatial distribution of microbial population between follicular biomass (heterotrophs) and fixed biomass (nitrifiers) leads to high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Nremoval performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge for Amol's Industrial Park Wastewater Treatment Plant

Azimi

Najafpour

Sadeghpoor

2017

IJEE

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, kinetic coefficients were evaluated for the system. The capacity of this system was 1700 cubic meters per day; that includes different process comprising physical and biological treatment, disinfection, sludge thickening, digestion and dewatering. COD removal efficiency and kinetic coefficients including yield coefficient (Y), half saturation coefficient (Ks), maximum substrate utilization rate constant (k) and endogenous decay coefficient (kd) were evaluated. The obtained results demonstrated that except Ks other coefficient were in the normal range that was frequently reported for conventional activated sludge in the literature. The COD removal efficiency was about 98 to 99 percent. The results indicated that there is a direct relationship between the variation of kd and Ks with effluent substrate concentration; while, the relationship between rate constant (k) and effluent COD is reversed. Finally, the effect of increasing sludge retention time (SRT) on COD removal was also studied. It was concluded that COD removal increased with an increase active solid retention time to a certain point, behind that point there was no significant changes observed.

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Two Year Case Study of Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) at Broomfield, CO WWTP

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Kinetcis and Nitrifying Populations in Nitrogen Removal Processes at a Full-Scale Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (Ifas) Plant

Kinetcis and Nitrifying Populations in Nitrogen Removal Processes at a Full-Scale Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (Ifas) Plant

Application of a multi-criteria decision model to select of design choices for WWTPs

Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge for Amol's Industrial Park Wastewater Treatment Plant

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