Two validated HPLC methods for the quantiﬁcation of alizarin and other anthraquinones in <i>Rubia tinctorum</i> cultivars

Derksen, G.C.H.; Lelyveld, G.P.; Beek, T.A. van; Capelle, A.; Groot, Ae. de

doi:10.1002/pca.800

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Literature examples of madder analysis by HPLC-DAD (Derksen et al, 1998;Derksen et al, 2004;Karapanagiotis et al, 2005) and more recently HPLC-DAD-MS Balakina et al, 2006;Lech & Jarosz, 2011) provide quantitative information of the dyestuffs present, but do not provide any information on the structure of these molecules. The small quantities of anthraquinones present in the roots of the plant make isolation of the individual components difficult and hence there is limited information and spectroscopic data on the structures of these natural compounds especially for the glycosidic components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and extraction of ruberythric acid from Rubia tinctorum L. and crystal structure elucidation

2015

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Madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) has been exploited as a dye throughout history. The roots of the plant are very rich in the highly coloured glycosidic compounds ruberythric acid and lucidin primeveroside, alongside the corresponding aglycons which can be readily formed by deglycosylation, particularly during extraction. Supported by 1 H and 13 C NMR data, the conclusive X-ray crystal structure of the natural dye ruberythric acid is presented for the first time. The solid state structure revealed extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between the sugar moieties in the unit cell, but only intramolecular hydrogen bonding through the hydroxyquinone groups. There is also some additional -stacking from the anthraquinone moiety.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and extraction of ruberythric acid from Rubia tinctorum L. and crystal structure elucidation

2015

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“…Several analytical methods such as thin-layer chromatography [28], micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography [29], capillary zone electrophoresis [30], capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) [31], gas chromatography [32], and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [33] have been used for the determination of anthraquinones in various medicinal plants and natural products. In addition, analytical methods involving the use of HPLC [32][33][34][35][36] and liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS) [37][38][39][40] have also been used for anthraquinone analysis in several natural products.…”

Section: Published In Final Edited Form Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pharmacologically active compounds in root extracts of Cassia alata L. by use of high performance liquid chromatography

Fernand

Dinh

Washington

et al. 2008

Talanta

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A simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of six phenolic compounds, five anthraquinones (rhein, aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) and a flavonoid (kaempferol), in root extracts from Cassia alata L. Solid-phase extraction, using C 18 cartridges, was used to remove interfering substances from the root extracts. The extracts were analyzed on a C 18 column using an isocratic mobile phase which consisted of acetonitrile, methanol, and 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (25: 55: 20, v/v). Identification of the analytes was performed by use of standards and on-line mass spectrometric detection using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. The concentration of the phenolic compounds in the root extracts was determined using HPLC with ultraviolet detection at 260 nm. The limits of detection obtained for the anlytes were in the range of 0.23 -4.61 ppm. The overall R.S.D. precision values (intra and inter-day) for the retention times and peak-areas were lower than 0.16% and 2.10%, respectively. In addition, the recovery of the developed method for the analysis of these phenolic compounds was determined, and ranged from 81.2 ± 4.3% to 106 ± 2%.

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“…112-113, 122-123, [31]. However, other factors such as the harvesting, storage conditions and age of the plants, have been shown to affect the dyestuff composition in the root [31][32][33][34] and the preparation procedure can significantly modify the original dyestuff composition in the resulting dye or pigment [28,31,35]. In addition, the relative proportions of the compounds that are detected upon analysis are also dependent on the extraction method and analytical procedure chosen [36].…”

Section: Terracotta Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A technical step forward in the integration of visible-induced luminescence imaging methods for the study of ancient polychromy

Dyer

Sotiropoulou

2017

Herit Sci

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Photo-induced luminescence imaging techniques, such as UV-induced visible luminescence (UVL) and the more recently developed technique of visible-induced infrared luminescence (VIL), have been invaluable for the study of ancient polychromy, allowing the detection and mapping of luminescent materials, such as varnishes, consolidants, organic binders, and crucially, traces of pigments, organic and inorganic, that are often not visible to the naked eye. In the context of works from the Hellenistic period onwards, the detection of two pigments, Egyptian blue and rose madder lake, has been particularly pivotal in advancing the field. Current conventional methodologies for the digital mapping of these two luminescent pigments rely on the separate application of two techniques (VIL and UVL), each requiring a different illumination source and acquisition set-up. In this study, a novel approach is proposed, combining the use of visible-induced infrared luminescence and visible-induced visible luminescence to locate these two pigments. As the source of illumination in both cases is the same system of LEDs, the set-up has the advantage of requiring only minor filter changes between luminescence modes. The increased portability and safety compared to the use of methodologies that employ UV radiation represent notable advantages of this integrated system. The interchangeability between highly selective excitation sources, also significantly simplifies the experimental set-up and the need to adjust the object or equipment between acquisitions, ensuring better reproducibility of the data acquired and facilitating any post-processing procedures. This results in a user-friendly methodology for both experts and non-specialists alike. Three Hellenistic period terracottas; two from Canosa di Puglia, Italy (270-200 BC) and one from Myrina, Turkey (c. 100 BC), all characterised by large well-preserved areas of decoration in Egyptian blue and red lake, were studied in order to trial the approach. Comparisons were made with the more standard techniques of VIL and UVL, and it was shown that the combined method proposed efficiently detects and maps both of these pigments with analogous results to those obtained by more established methodologies. The observations made from the multispectral images acquired were verified by analysis of small samples of the pigments, using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy and HPLC-DAD analysis.

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Two validated HPLC methods for the quantiﬁcation of alizarin and other anthraquinones in Rubia tinctorum cultivars

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Isolation and extraction of ruberythric acid from Rubia tinctorum L. and crystal structure elucidation

Isolation and extraction of ruberythric acid from Rubia tinctorum L. and crystal structure elucidation

Determination of pharmacologically active compounds in root extracts of Cassia alata L. by use of high performance liquid chromatography

A technical step forward in the integration of visible-induced luminescence imaging methods for the study of ancient polychromy

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