Two Types of Strong Northeast Asian Summer Monsoon

Kim, Jung-Eun; Yeh, Sang‐Wook; Hong, Song‐You

doi:10.1175/2009jcli2434.1

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fan et al (2013) emphasized the role of cooling SSTs in the central Pacific, rather than the eastern Pacific, in developing and maintaining the WNP anticyclonic anomaly. In addition, Kim et al (2009) also indicated that a strong East Asian summer monsoon and weak WNP monsoon can occur with and without a basinwide warming in the IO during the preceding winter. Whether quasi-biennial oscillations appear or not, however, depends on the location of cyclonic/ anticyclonic anomaly over the WNP and the persistence of ENSO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Asymmetric Relationship between Indian Ocean SST and the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon

2015

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The summer precipitation anomalies over the tropical western North Pacific (WNP), which greatly affect East Asian climate, are closely related to Indian Ocean (IO) SST anomalies, and this WNP-IO relationship is widely assumed to be linear. This study indicates that the IO SST-WNP precipitation relationship is generally linear only when the IO SST anomalies are positive and not when the IO SST anomalies are negative, that is, a strongly cooler IO, in comparison with a moderately cooler IO, does not correspond to stronger precipitation enhancement over the WNP. Further analysis suggests that the phases of ENSO play a crucial role in modifying the impacts of IO SSTs on WNP anomalies. The reverse IO SST-WNP precipitation relationship, which exists without apparent ENSO development/decay, is intensified by El Niño decay through the enhancement of IO SST anomalies, but weakened by El Niño development and La Niña decay through the concurrence of SST anomalies in the tropical central and eastern Pacific. After removing El Niño developing and La Niña decaying cases, the IO SST and WNP precipitation anomalies show a clear linear relationship. Because of the effects of the phases of ENSO, the years of negative precipitation or anticyclonic anomalies over the WNP are highly concentrated over strongly warmer IO and El Niño decaying years, which is consistent with previous studies. However, the years of positive precipitation anomalies are scattered over cooler IO and moderately warmer IO years, implying a complexity of tropical SST forcing on positive WNP precipitation anomalies.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Asymmetric Relationship between Indian Ocean SST and the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon

2015

Journal of Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are wide ranges of spatiotemporal factors that affect East Asian summer monsoon. For example, the variations in the sea surface temperature (SST) over the tropical Pacific, such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) [ Chang et al , ; Yim et al , ; Kim et al , ; Shin et al , ; Yun et al , ] and Indian Ocean [ Xie et al , ], as well as local ocean‐atmosphere feedback processes [ Lee et al , ; Xiang et al , ], affect the summer climate over East Asia. The atmospheric variations, such as the western Pacific subtropical high [ Lu and Dong , ; Yun et al , ], Okhotsk high [ Tachibana et al , ], and Pacific‐Japan atmospheric teleconnection pattern [ Nitta , ; Kosaka and Nakamura , ] also play a significant role in the East Asian summer climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct mechanisms of Korean surface temperature variability during early and late summer

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several climate factors were identified that affect the surface air temperature (SAT) variations in Korea during summer (June‐July‐August). Korean summer SAT variation exhibits remarkable differences between early summer (June) and late summer (July and August). On one hand, the significant warming trend during early summer is primarily influenced by the global‐scale trend that is manifested in East Asia. The residual variability, obtained by removing warming trend from total SAT, represents Korean SAT variability independent of the global‐scale trend. This residual variability is closely related to the meridional dipole‐like air temperature structure between Korea and northeastern China, which is largely controlled by the atmospheric circulations over East Asia. However, this atmospheric structure does not originate from the remote oceanic forcing such as sea surface temperature (SST) variability over Pacific. During late summer, on the other hand, the Korean SAT is dominantly regulated by the atmospheric variability, which is closely related to the Pacific SST variability, while the contribution of global warming signal is insignificant. The SST anomalies in the central to eastern tropical Pacific lead to a dipole‐like atmospheric circulation from the tropics to East Asia, which modulates SAT in Korea. These results imply that the Korean SAT variability during early and late summer has different sources. That is, both the global‐scale trend and atmospheric variability over the East Asia should be considered in monitoring Korean SAT during early summer, whereas the SST variability in the central to eastern tropical Pacific needs more attention during late summer.

show abstract

“…At the interannual scale, the PJ pattern is related to ENSO, with a warm phase of ENSO in the preceding winter corresponding to a suppressed convection in summer over the WNP region [Nitta, 1987;Kosaka and Nakamura, 2010], indicating that the PJ pattern could be forced by the tropical variability. Extensive studies on the WNP-EA monsoon and WNPSH demonstrated that the lower tropospheric anomalous circulation over the WNP is largely forced by SST [Wang et al, 2001;Lu et al, 2006;Kim et al, 2009;Zhou et al, 2009aZhou et al, , 2009bPark et al, 2010;Zhou and Zou, 2010;He and Zhou, 2014]. Given the realistic tropical SST forcing by using a partially coupled model, a substantial amount of PJ variability can be captured [Ding et al, 2014].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative role of tropical SST forcing in the 1990s periodicity change of the Pacific‐Japan pattern interannual variability

Chen

Zhou

2014

JGR Atmospheres

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interannual variability and periodicity change of the Pacific-Japan (PJ) pattern during 1979-2008 are investigated using observation/reanalysis data sets and Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP)-runs of 20 atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The PJ pattern is represented by the first leading empirical orthogonal function mode (EOF1) of 850 hPa vorticity over the East Asian and western North Pacific regions in boreal summer. The leading principal component (PC1) is characterized by a dominant periodicity of 4-5 (2-3) years before (after) 1993. Analyses reveal that the 4-5 year periodicity may be forced by sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical western Indian Ocean (IO). In contrast, the 2-3 year periodicity is the combined effect of the SSTAs surrounding the maritime continent (MC) and in the central Pacific (CP), in which the latter may play a primary role. AGCMs which reasonably capture above responses are inclined to have higher PC1 skills and vice versa. To confirm the source of forcing diagnosed based on AMIP simulations, a series of sensitivity experiments is done using the CAM4 model. Without SST variation in the MC or CP after 1993, the 2-3 year variability of the PJ pattern weakens. The periodicity change of PJ variability around 1993 is shown to be correlated with the change of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. Analysis of observations indicates that the anomalous summertime SST and circulation patterns over the Indo-Pacific region correspond to decaying ENSO phase before 1993 and to developing phase after 1993.

show abstract

Two Types of Strong Northeast Asian Summer Monsoon

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Asymmetric Relationship between Indian Ocean SST and the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon

Asymmetric Relationship between Indian Ocean SST and the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon

Distinct mechanisms of Korean surface temperature variability during early and late summer

Relative role of tropical SST forcing in the 1990s periodicity change of the Pacific‐Japan pattern interannual variability

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About