Two Triatoma dimidiata Clades (Chagas Disease Vector) Associated with Different Habitats in Southern Mexico and Central America

Tamay-Segovia, Paulino; Alejandre‐Aguilar, Ricardo; Martínez, Fernando; Villalobos, Guiehdani; Serna, Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz de la; Torre, Patricia De La; Laclette, Juan Pedro; Blum-Domínguez, Selene; Espinoza, Bertha

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.472

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…With respect to DNA markers, phylogenies inferred from the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) sequence also suggested a highly divergent taxon in the Yucatán peninsula, Mexico (Marcilla et al, 2001; Tamay-Segovia et al, 2008), Petén, Guatemala (Dorn et al, 2007), and Cayo, Belize (Dorn et al, 2009), corroborating the cytogenetic data and supporting the identification of a cryptic species. However, in contrast to the cytogenetic results, ITS-2 sequences of specimens from Yucatán, Mexico and Peten, Guatemala were monotypic (Dorn et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Hypothesis testing clarifies the systematics of the main Central American Chagas disease vector, Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), across its geographic range

Dorn

Rúa

Axen

et al. 2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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The widespread and diverse Triatoma dimidiata is the kissing bug species most important for Chagas disease transmission in Central America and a secondary vector in Mexico and northern South America. Its diversity may contribute to different Chagas disease prevalence in different localities and has led to conflicting systematic hypotheses describing various populations as subspecies or cryptic species. To resolve these conflicting hypotheses, we sequenced a nuclear (internal transcribed spacer 2, ITS-2) and mitochondrial gene (cytochrome b) from an extensive sampling of T. dimidiata across its geographic range. We evaluated the congruence of ITS-2 and cyt b phylogenies and tested the support for the previously proposed subspecies (inferred from ITS-2) by: (1) overlaying the ITS-2 subspecies assignments on a cyt b tree and, (2) assessing the statistical support for a cyt b topology constrained by the subspecies hypothesis. Unconstrained phylogenies inferred from ITS-2 and cyt b are congruent and reveal three clades including two putative cryptic species in addition to T. dimidiata sensu stricto. Neither the cyt b phylogeny nor hypothesis testing support the proposed subspecies inferred from ITS-2. Additionally, the two cryptic species are supported by phylogenies inferred from mitochondrially-encoded genes cytochrome c oxidase I and NADH dehydrogenase 4. In summary, our results reveal two cryptic species. Phylogenetic relationships indicate T. dimidiata sensu stricto is not subdivided into monophyletic clades consistent with subspecies. Based on increased support by hypothesis testing, we propose an updated systematic hypothesis for T. dimidiata based on extensive taxon sampling and analysis of both mitochondrial and nuclear genes.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Hypothesis testing clarifies the systematics of the main Central American Chagas disease vector, Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), across its geographic range

Dorn

Rúa

Axen

et al. 2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…In the Yucatan Peninsula, despite the failure in detecting local genetic differentiation using multilocus microsatellite analyses (Dumonteil et al, 2007), significant genetic structure was encountered within the region using ITS-2 as well as cyt b markers (Bargues et al, 2008; Dorn et al, 2009; Herrera-Aguilar et al, 2009; Monteiro et al, 2013). Also within Mexico, in the Campeche state, strong genetic differentiation was detected among communities from two distinct eco-geographic regions that harbored two divergent clades (Tamay-Segovia et al, 2008). Summarizing, most studies determined that the genetically distinct population groups found within those regions, showed degrees of divergence compatible with subspecies or species levels, which imply necessary independent origins and/or genetic isolation sustained for a significant amount of time (Bargues et al, 2008; Dorn et al, 2009; Monteiro et al, 2013; Panzera et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-geographical differentiation among Colombian populations of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Gómez-Palacio

Triana-Chávez

Jaramillo-O

et al. 2013

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Triatoma dimidiata is currently the main vector of Chagas disease in Mexico, most Central American countries and several zones of Ecuador and Colombia. Although this species has been the subject of several recent phylogeographic studies, the relationship among different populations within the species remains unclear. To elucidate the population genetic structure of T. dimidiata in Colombia, we analyzed individuals from distinct geographical locations using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene and 7 microsatellite loci. A clear genetic differentiation was observed among specimens from three Colombian eco-geographical regions: Inter Andean Valleys, Caribbean Plains and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain (SNSM). Additionally, evidence of genetic subdivision was found within the Caribbean Plains region as well as moderate gene flow between the populations from the Caribbean Plains and SNSM regions. The genetic differentiation found among Colombian populations correlates, albeit weakly, with an isolation-by-distance model (IBD). The genetic heterogeneity among Colombian populations correlates with the eco-epidemiological and morphological traits observed in this species across regions within the country. Such genetic and epidemiological diversity should be taken into consideration for the development of vector control strategies and entomological surveillance.

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“…The remaining T. dimidiata populations show a level of nucleotide differences that would be consistent with the three subspecies described by Usinger (1944), i.e., (1) T. dimidiata maculipennis or group 2: southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize; (2) T. dimidiata dimidiata or group 1A: Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; (3) and T. dimidiata capitata or group 1B: Panama and Colombia. Several authors show that the Yucatan peninsula (including Mexico, Belize, and northern Guatemala) and Honduras is a region where the group 2 and the putative new species (group 3) coexist in sympatry (Bargues et al, 2008; Tamay–Segovia et al, 2008; Dorn et al, 2009). Another study using cyt b and ND4 markers supports that T. dimidiata is a complex of “sibling species or near sibling-taxa” composed of four groups and Triatoma hegneri (Monteiro et al, 2013): group I (corresponding to ITS–2 1A and 1B), group II, group III, and group IV from Belize, with all groups being assigned specific status.…”

Section: 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive isolation revealed in preliminary crossbreeding experiments using field collected Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from three ITS-2 defined groups

et al. 2013

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Triatoma dimidiata, a Chagas disease vector distributed in Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador, has been studied using genetic markers and four groups have been defined by ITS–2 sequences: 1A, 1B, 2 and 3. To gather evidence on the divergence and reproductive isolation among T. dimidiata ITS–2 groups, we carried out 15 crossbreeding experiments with field–collected sylvan and domestic T. dimidiata from Guatemala where three groups are found: 1A, 2 and 3. Reciprocal crosses between individuals from groups 1A and 2, and a cross between group 2 individuals from different habitats, produced an average 129.78±42.29 eggs with hatching success ranging from 31.6% to 90.1%. The offspring of these crosses reached the adult stage, and crosses between F1 insects produced eggs. These results suggest that there are no pre– or post– zygotic reproductive barriers between groups 1A and 2, or within group 2. Crosses between group 3 females and males from groups 1A or 2 produced on average 85.67±30.26 eggs and none of them hatched. These results support the existence of pre– zygotic barriers between T. dimidiata group 3 and groups 1A and 2. The group 3 individuals were collected in sylvatic environments in Yaxha, Peten, Guatemala. Previously, distinct chromosomal characteristics (cytotype 3) were described in individuals from this population. Based on this evidence we suggest that this population is divergent at the species level from other T. dimidiata populations.

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Two Triatoma dimidiata Clades (Chagas Disease Vector) Associated with Different Habitats in Southern Mexico and Central America

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Hypothesis testing clarifies the systematics of the main Central American Chagas disease vector, Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), across its geographic range

Hypothesis testing clarifies the systematics of the main Central American Chagas disease vector, Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), across its geographic range

Eco-geographical differentiation among Colombian populations of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Reproductive isolation revealed in preliminary crossbreeding experiments using field collected Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from three ITS-2 defined groups

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