Two subtypes of HIV-1 among injection-drug users in southern China

Yu, Xiao Fang; Chen, Jie; Shao, Yiming; Beyrer, Chris; Lai, Shenghan

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)79316-8

Cited by 87 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These results suggest that a common ancestor of CRF08_BC has been introduced into IDU populations in eastern Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces very recently (16). It is plausible that this ancestor might have been arisen in Yunnan, since subtypes BЈ and C circulated among IDUs in Yunnan in the early 1990s (11,22,23), while subtype C was first introduced into IDUs in Guangxi around 1996 and 1997 (3,25,26), as suggested by Piyasirisilp et al (16).…”

supporting

confidence: 51%

Identification and Characterization of a New Class of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Recombinants Comprised of Two Circulating Recombinant Forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, in China

Yang

Kusagawa

Zhang

et al. 2003

J Virol

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We identified a new class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinants (00CN-HH069 and 00CN-HH086) in which further recombination occurred between two established circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). These two isolates were found among 57 HIV-1 samples from a cohort of injecting drug users in eastern Yunnan Province of China. Informative-site analysis in conjunction with bootscanning plots and exploratory tree analysis revealed that these two strains were closely related mosaics comprised of CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, which are found in China. The genotype screening based on gag-reverse transcriptase sequences of 57 samples from eastern Yunnan identified 47 CRF08_BC specimens (82.5%), 5 CRF07_BC specimens (8.8%), and 3 additional specimens with the novel recombinant structure. These new "secondgeneration" recombinants thus constitute a substantial proportion (5 of 57; 8.8%) of HIV-1 strains in this population and may belong to a new but yet-undefined class of CRF. This might be the first example of CRFs recombining with each other, leading to the evolution of second-generation inter-CRF recombinants.

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supporting

confidence: 51%

Identification and Characterization of a New Class of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Recombinants Comprised of Two Circulating Recombinant Forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, in China

Yang

Kusagawa

Zhang

et al. 2003

J Virol

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“…CRF07 and -08 were found along the drug trafficking route in Yunnan (30). By 1996 and 1997, an HIV-1 outbreak was reported among IDU in the neighboring province of Guangxi, where viruses from one city were found to be closely related to those in Yunnan (20,37,38). We believe that observed low levels of divergence in Yunnan in this study may be due to multiple causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Molecular Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus in Paid Blood Donors and Injection Drug Users in China

Zhang

Chen

Cao

et al. 2004

J Virol

121

117

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China is facing a rapid upsurge in cases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection due to large numbers of paid blood donors (PBD), injection drug users (IDU), and sexual partners of infected individuals. In this report, a total of 236 HIV-1-positive blood samples were collected from PBD, IDU, and their sexual partners in the most severely affected provinces, such as Henan, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Xinjiang. PCR was used to amplify the p17 region of gag and the C2-V3 region of env of HIV-1 and the 5 noncoding region and a region of E1/E2 of HCV. Genetic characterization of viral sequences indicated that there are two major epidemics of HIV-1 and multiple HCV epidemics in China. The PBD and transfusion recipients in Henan harbored HIV-1 subtype B, which is similar to the virus found in Thailand, and HCV genotypes 1b and 2a, whereas the IDU in Yunnan, Guangxi, and Xinjiang carried HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms 07 and 08, which resemble those in India, and HCV genotypes 1b, 3a, and 3b. Our findings show that the epidemics of HIV-1 and HCV infection in China are the consequences of multiple introductions. The distinct distribution patterns of both the HIV-1 and HCV genotypes in the different high-risk groups are tightly linked to the mode of transmission rather than geographic proximity. These findings provide information relevant to antiviral therapy and vaccine development in China and should assist public health workers in implementing measures to reduce the further dissemination of these viruses in the world's most populous nation.

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“…HIV-1 CRF08_BC, a descendant of the parental subtypes BЈ and C, was first described in the Guangxi province in southern China around 1997 (26). CRF08_BC is thought to have originated in Yunnan province (20,49) and has spread to other regions of China, particularly in the south (26,51). HIV-1 CRF07_BC is a related but distinct BЈ/C recombinant that was first reported in 1997 in Xinjiang and is predominant in the north of China; its origin has also been traced to Yunnan province (38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Circulating Recombinant Forms 08_BC and 07_BC in Asia

Tee

Pybus

et al. 2008

J Virol

143

136

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Two subtypes of HIV-1 among injection-drug users in southern China

Cited by 87 publications

References 4 publications

Identification and Characterization of a New Class of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Recombinants Comprised of Two Circulating Recombinant Forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, in China

Identification and Characterization of a New Class of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Recombinants Comprised of Two Circulating Recombinant Forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, in China

Molecular Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus in Paid Blood Donors and Injection Drug Users in China

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Circulating Recombinant Forms 08_BC and 07_BC in Asia

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