“…To start, metallic additives were selected based on their capability to initiate multi-electron charge transfer, [19][20][21][22][23][24] their standard redox potential, and their solubility in the chosen liquid metal solvent. We identied ve potential metallic candidates for catalytic optimisation, including chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), hafnium (Hf), gadolinium (Gd), and cerium (Ce).…”