Two-step conversion of LLCN olefins to strong anti-knocking alcohol mixtures catalysed by Rh, Ru/TPPTS complexes in aqueous media

Kokkinos, Nikolaos C.; Νικολάου, Νικόλαος; Psaroudakis, Nikolas; Mertis, Konstantinos; Mitkidou, Sophia; Mitropoulos, A.Ch.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2014.07.058

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, even with high-percentage mixtures of butanol in gasoline, the decrease is not so significant that it could affect the combustion and anti-knock resistance of the fuel, and it essentially respects the requirements that are set by standards. One of the possibilities for influencing the anti-knock properties could be the in situ production of alcohols in gasoline, which could potentially replace ether oxygenates [ 80 ] or the use in combination with octane booster additives, for example, MTBE (RON = 118), ETBE (RON = 118), 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (RON = 137), propylbenzene (RON = 129), m-xylene (RON = 124), etc. [ 81 , 82 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Biobutanol as an Advanced Biofuel

et al. 2021

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Biobutanol is a renewable, less polluting, and potentially viable alternative fuel to conventional gasoline. Biobutanol can be produced from same sources as bioethanol, and it has many advantages over the widespread bioethanol. This paper systematically analyzes biobutanol fuel as an alternative to bioethanol in alcohol–gasoline mixtures and the physicochemical properties. Based on the conducted analyses, it was found that biobutanol mixtures have a more suitable behavior of vapor pressure without the occurrence of azeotrope, do not form a separate phase in lower temperature, it has higher energy density, but slightly reduce the octane number and a have higher viscosity. However, in general, biobutanol has many advantageous properties that could allow its use in gasoline engines instead of the commonly used bioethanol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Biobutanol as an Advanced Biofuel

et al. 2021

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“…In Thailand, ethanol is initially employed to blend with gasoline as an octane enhancer for replacement of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). It should be noted that ethanol and other alcohols produced from, e.g., in situ conversion of refinery cuts [16], were also used successfully as substitutes of gasoline ether oxygenates.…”

Section: Bioethanol Production In Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Intensification in Bio-Ethanol Production–Recent Developments in Membrane Separation

et al. 2021

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Ethanol is considered as a renewable transport fuels and demand is expected to grow. In this work, trends related to bio-ethanol production are described using Thailand as an example. Developments on high-temperature fermentation and membrane technologies are also explained. This study focuses on the application of membranes in ethanol recovery after fermentation. A preliminary simulation was performed to compare different process configurations to concentrate 10 wt% ethanol to 99.5 wt% using membranes. In addition to the significant energy reduction achieved by replacing azeotropic distillation with membrane dehydration, employing ethanol-selective membranes can further reduce energy demand. Silicalite membrane is a type of membrane showing one of the highest ethanol-selective permeation performances reported today. A silicalite membrane was applied to separate a bio-ethanol solution produced via high-temperature fermentation followed by a single distillation. The influence of contaminants in the bio-ethanol on the membrane properties and required further developments are also discussed.

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“…For the gaseous phase of the hydroformylation reactions, CO/H 2 (1/1) was used without further purification (Kokkinos et al 2013). For hydrogenation reactions, RuCl 3 ·xH 2 O (Aldrich) was used as catalyst precursor (Kokkinos et al 2013, Kokkinos et al 2015. For the gaseous phase of the hydrogenation reactions, hydrogen 5.0 N was used without further purification.…”

Section: Materials and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, an environmentally friendly two-step synthesis of an upgraded LLCN that could replace the harmful TAME from the refinery blended gasoline pool is being investigated by our research group (Kokkinos et al 2013, Kokkinos et al 2009, Kokkinos et al 2011, Kokkinos et al 2015). In the current research work, an A-Z overview of the upgrade process of a real LLCN from the Aspropyrgos refinery in Greece takes place (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Environmentally Benign Catalytic Process Enhances in Situ the Quality of Gasoline

Kokkinos

Mitropoulos

Νικολάου

2015

Day 1 Mon, November 09, 2015

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In the present research work an in situ conversion process of light-light cracked naphtha (LLCN) to strong anti-knocking mixtures is proposed as a potential solution to the serious drawbacks from the use of gasoline ether oxygenates (MTBE, ETBE, TAME) from the refineries.Aqueous biphasic Rh/TPPTS-catalysed hydroformylation reaction of olefins present in a Greek refinery naphtha cut comprises the first part of the two-step proposed process. The second part of the proposed LLCN upgrade process is the in situ hydrogenation of the produced aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols catalysed by Ru/TPPTS complex in aqueous media. Both catalytic systems of Rh/TPPTS and Ru/TPPTS were revealed as effective catalytic systems for biphasic hydroformylation and biphasic hydrogenation of complicated mixtures, respectively. The effect of the pressure, temperature and time of the reactions, as well as the influence of the L/Me molar ratio were investigated.In the first step (hydroformylation reaction) as well as in the second step (hydrogenation reaction) the highest conversion of more than 95% of the olefins and aldehydes respectively was observed at mild conditions, at a short reaction time. The upgraded LLCN could potentially replace the harmful gasoline ether oxygenates from the refinery blended gasoline pools with an in situ and an environmentally friendly catalytic process. Therefore, the ultimate fuel will contain more oxygen, due to the producing favourable strong anti-knocking alcohol mixtures; it will have better combustion properties and bigger octane numbers.

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Two-step conversion of LLCN olefins to strong anti-knocking alcohol mixtures catalysed by Rh, Ru/TPPTS complexes in aqueous media

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Physicochemical Properties of Biobutanol as an Advanced Biofuel

Physicochemical Properties of Biobutanol as an Advanced Biofuel

Process Intensification in Bio-Ethanol Production–Recent Developments in Membrane Separation

An Environmentally Benign Catalytic Process Enhances in Situ the Quality of Gasoline

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