“…The results showed that the diffraction angle of α (200) plane for the SQ1 specimen occurred at 64.68°, and with further increase in holding times from 1 to 5, 15, and 30 min at 720 °C, the corresponding diffraction angles of α (200) plane increased to 64.88°, 64.90°, and 64.93°, respectively. According to the Bragg's equation [
29 ] shown, this deviation is mainly caused by the reduction of lattice distortion of martensite or ferrite microphases.
where d is the interplanar spacing (Å), θ is the diffraction angle between the incident X‐ray and lattice plane (°), λ is the wavelength of incident ray (Cu Kα radiation: 1.54184 Å), and a is the lattice parameters (Å). According to Bragg's equation, the diffraction angle is inversely proportional to the interplanar spacing, which decreased with the increase in SQ holding times from 1 to 30 min at 720 °C.…”