Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis of Spanish Regions: Efficiency Determinants and Stability Analysis

Abstract

Vizja Press&IT www.ce.vizja.pl 259The purpose of this paper is to examine the hypothesis that the efficiency of Spanish tourism regions for the period 2005-2013 is determined by a group of contextual variables. In contrast with monitoring reports based on descriptive methods, this paper uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) bootstrap semiparametric procedure to investigate efficiency determinants. An innovative analysis addresses the problem of the stability of efficiency estimates of random changes in the isolated exogenous variables. The statistical significance of the potential attractors can offer a tool for strategic decisions, and no previous work compares the stability analysis results to the estimates derived from the two-stage algorithm. The model appropriately fits the data, with all the coefficients being of the correct sign and statistically significant. Hence, the fact that the exogenous variables influence the hypothesis is confirmed by the results, and the stability analysis helps to verify the significance of each variable. We also extend the traditional DEA analysis by exploring efficiency and productivity changes using the slacks-based measure (SBM) model and the bootstrapped Malmquist index approach to obtain total productivity growth estimates. IntroductionThe Spanish-European tourism industry has recently experienced some of the most challenging times in its

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“…Table 3 shows the efficiency scores provided by the DEA, employing the classic output-oriented CCR and BCC models. The results for the BCC model show the variations in efficiency after considering the scale efficiency [65]. The number of fully-efficient organizations was small-approximately 9% and 14% of the sample for the CCR and BCC models, respectively.…”

Analyzing hotel efficiency from a regional perspective: The role of environmental determinants

“…In the specific context of this study, the few works available present substantial differences in the choice of variables (see Table 1). Benito et al (2014) and Solana-Ibáñez et al (2016), which are the only studies to have analyzed Spanish regional hotel efficiency, both used destination characteristics. Their choice was based on a Spanish report, Monitoring the Competitiveness of the Spanish Regions (MoniTUR Report), and they selected only the tourism attractors they considered to strongly influence the competitiveness of Spanish regions.…”

“…The main question is whether hotels operate efficiently, i.e., whether they use (scarce) resources in an efficient way. Despite the importance of destination performance, research on hotel efficiency at a regional level is limited (Barros et al, 2011;Benito, Solana, & López, 2014;Botti, Peypoch, Robinot, & Solonandrasana, 2009;Brida, Garrido, Deidda, & Pulina, 2012;Detotto, Pulina, & Brida, 2014;Guccio, Lisi, Martorana, & Mignosa, 2017;Huang, Mesak, Hsu, & Qu, 2012;Pulina, Detotto, & Paba, 2010;Solana-Ibáñez, Caravaca-Garratón, & Para-González, 2016). Assaf, Josiassen, Woo, Agbola, and Tsionas (2017) recently called for more research on specific destinations.…”

“…1% of the EU-28 total (404 million nights). Although these figures are impressive and tourism constitutes a strategic sector of Spain's national economy, works focused on hotel efficiency in Spain are quite recent and limited in number (Arbelo-Pérez, Arbelo, & Pérez-Gómez, 2017; Benito et al, 2014; De Jorge & Suárez, 2014; Fernández & Becerra, 2015; Parte-Esteban & Alberca-Oliver, 2015aOliver, , 2015b Pérez-Rodriguez & Acosta-González, 2007;Solana-Ibáñez et al, 2016). Within this context, the works ofBenito et al (2014) andSolana-Ibáñez et al (2016) have been the only attempts to measure Spanish hotel efficiency on a regional basis.…”

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“…Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a representative nonparametric frontier approach, and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) is a representative parametric frontier approach. DEA has been extensively used to evaluate the efficiency of hotels (Hwang and Chang, 2003;Barros, 2005;Perrigot et al, 2009;Assaf and Agbola, 2011;Brida et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2013a;Manasakis et al, 2013;Detotto et al, 2014;Huang et al, 2012;Solana-Ibáñez et al, 2016;Lado-Sestayo and Fernández-Castro, 2019;Kularatne et al, 2019).…”