Two‐Stage Culture Process for Improved Production of Ganoderic Acid by Liquid Fermentation of Higher Fungus Ganoderma lucidum

Abstract

Investigations on the impact of pellet size on the cellular oxygen uptake and accumulation of ganoderic acid (GA) suggested the favorable effect of oxygen limitation on GA formation by the higher fungus Ganoderma lucidum. A two-stage fermentation process was thus proposed for enhanced GA production by combining conventional shake-flask fermentation with static culture. A high cell density of 20.9 g of DW/L (DW = dry cell weight) was achieved through a 4-day shake-flask fermentation followed by a 12-day static culture. A change in the cell morphology and a decrease in the sugar consumption rate were observed during the static culture. The GA production in the new two-stage process was considerably enhanced with its content increased from 1.36 (control) to 3.19 mg/100 mg of DW, which was much higher than previously observed.

Bioremediation of Dyes Using Ultrafine Membrane Prepared from the Waste Culture of Ganoderma lucidum with in-situ Immobilization of Laccase

“…Thus, a simultaneously laccase production and laccase immobilization was developed. However, Fang and Zhong (2002) found the ganoderic acid production was obviously enhanced using the two-stage fermentation (a 4-day shaking condition followed by a 12-day static culture), which was similar to our work; this implied that more ganoderic acid would be produced and stick to the membranes.…”

“…The production of ganoderic acid (Fang and Zhong 2002), polysaccharide (Li et al 2007;Liu and Zhang 2007;Ding et al 2012a), enzyme (Ding et al 2012b), and its medical applications (Zhang et al 2011) all have been thoroughly studied. However, all the fermentation culture after each study would be poured out to the sewer, which not only would waste the useful components, but also pollute the environment with its high COD, and the microorganism community in the sewer also would be affected at the same time.…”

Impact of oxygen level in gaseous phase on gene transcription and ganoderic acid biosynthesis in liquid static cultures of Ganoderma lucidum

“…Mycelia fermentation of mushrooms is looked at as an efficient method for industrial production of their valuable metabolites [1,4,5]. In our previous work, a two-stage cultivation process combining liquid fermentation and static culture was found to be a very powerful strategy for GA hyper-production by G. lucidum [6,7]. As reported earlier [7], the liquid static culture is a significant contributor to the enhancement of GA production.…”

“…The slant was inoculated with mycelia and incubated at 28°C for 7 days, then stored at 4°C for about 2 weeks. The preculture was conducted by the method of Fang and Zhong [6].…”

Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of morel mushroom,Morchella esculentamycelia: A potential source of therapeutically useful antioxidants

“…Ganoderic acid has been successfully produced from mycelia culture of Ganoderma lucidum Curt. P. Karst (Ganodermataceae) (Fang & Zhong, 2002). Two of the most widely used anticancer polysaccharides, PSK and PSP from Trametes (Coriolus) versicolor (L.…”