Two Sites of Bile Formation as Determined by Mannitol and Erythritol Clearance in the Guinea Pig*

Forker, E. L.

doi:10.1172/jci105612

Cited by 167 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…BILE SALTS AND BILE SECRETION It is of interest that the biliary system of the rabbit has some other unusual features. The hormone, secretin, which has been shown to increase bile flow and bicarbonate excretion in the dog (Wheeler & Ramos, 1960), and in the guinea-pig (Forker, 1967), and to increase bile flow to a small extent in the rat (Forker, Hicklin & Sornson, 1967) is totally without effect on the biliary system of the rabbit (Scratcherd, 1965). As deoxycholate increases the output of bicarbonate in rabbit bile, it is possible that this secondary bile salt has in fact adopted the role of secretin in this particular species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate on bile secretion in the rat, dog and rabbit.

Rutishauser¹,

Stone²

1975

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The biliary effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate were investigated in anaesthetized dogs and rats, and in the isolated perfused rat liver.2. Both bile salts had similar qualitative and quantitative effects on the flow and composition of bile in the dog.3. In the rat, the bile salts had similar effects on the ionic composition of bile, but differed in that bile flow was not always directly related to the rate of bile salt secretion in bile, in the experiments with sodium taurodeoxycholate.4. Sodium taurodeoxycholate is hydroxylated to form sodium taurocholate by the liver of the rat but not by that of the dog. 5. The biliary effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate in the rat and in the dog are contrasted with its effects in the rabbit, and the differences between the three species are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate on bile secretion in the rat, dog and rabbit.

Rutishauser¹,

Stone²

1975

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Despite acknowledged uncertainty regarding the locus (canalicular versus ductular) and/or mechanism of their entry into bile (6)(7)(8)(9)(10), the equations currently used to describe the movement ofthese widely used markers are based on movement via pore-restricted diffusion and bulk flow (9)(10)(11)(12), and the movement of sucrose or larger markers is commonly assumed to occur via a paracellular pathway. Indeed, under conditions of altered bile flow, changes in the bile-to-plasma (B/P)' ratio of inert markers such as sucrose are often described in terms of changes in the osmotic permeability or sieving coefficient and interpreted as altered permeability or "leakiness" of the hepatocyte tight junctions (13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biliary secretion of fluid-phase markers by the isolated perfused rat liver. Role of transcellular vesicular transport.

et al. 1985

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In these studies, we have used several approaches to systematically explore the contribution of transcellular vesicular transport (transcytosis) to the blood-to-bile movement of inert fluid-phase markers of widely varying molecular weight. First, under steady-state conditions, the perfused rat liver secreted even large markers in appreciable amounts. The bile-to-plasma (B/P) ratio of these different markers, including microperoxidase (B/P ratio = 0.06; mol wt = 1,879), inulin (B/P ratio = 0.09, mol wt = 5,000), horseradish peroxidase (B/P ratio = 0.04, mol wt = 40,000), and dextran (B/P ratio = 0.09, mol wt = 70,000), exhibited no clear ordering based on size alone, and when dextrans of two different sizes (40,000 and 70,000 mol wt) were studied simultaneously, the relative amounts of the two dextran species in bile were the same as in perfusate. Taurocholate administration produced a 71% increase in bile flow but little or no (0-20%) increase in the output of horseradish peroxidase, microperoxidase, inulin, and dextran. Second, under nonsteady-state conditions in which the appearance in or disappearance from bile of selected markers was studied after their abrupt addition to or removal from perfusate, erythritol reached a B/P ratio of 1 within 2 min. Microperoxidase and dextran appeared in bile only after a lag period of 12 min and then slowly approached maximal values, whereas sucrose exhibited kinetically intermediate behavior. A similar pattern was observed after removal of >95% of the marker from the perfusate. Erythritol rapidly reapproached a B/P ratio of 1, whereas the B/P ratio for sucrose, dextran, and microperoxidase fell much more slowly and exceeded 1 for a full 30 min after perfusate washout. Finally, electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy of cultured hepatocytes demonstrated the presence of horseradish peroxidase and fluoresceindextran, respectively, in intracellular vesicles, and fractionation of perfused liver homogenates revealed that at least 35-50% of sucrose, inulin, and dextran was associated with subcellular organelles.Collectively, these observations are most compatible with a transcytosis pathway that contributes minimally to the secretion of erythritol, but accounts for a substantial fraction of sucrose secretion and virtually all (>95%) of the blood-to-bile

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“…As erythritol enters the bile only at the canaliculi and is not reabsorbed in the ductules, it can be used as a measure of canalicular bile flow (13)(14)(15)(16). The bile/plasma ratio of ery thritol was not significantly different between control rats and rats treated with THPP, 4-MU or AA-149 (Table 1).…”

Section: Canalicular Bile Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Increased Bile Formation Produced by Polyoxybenzenes in Rats

Tanayama

Kanai

1977

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Two Sites of Bile Formation as Determined by Mannitol and Erythritol Clearance in the Guinea Pig*

Cited by 167 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate on bile secretion in the rat, dog and rabbit.

Comparative effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate and sodium taurocholate on bile secretion in the rat, dog and rabbit.

Biliary secretion of fluid-phase markers by the isolated perfused rat liver. Role of transcellular vesicular transport.

Studies on Increased Bile Formation Produced by Polyoxybenzenes in Rats

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