Two Simple Formulas for Evaluating the Lower Bound of the Impact Velocity in Vehicle–pedestrian Accidents

Zou, Tiefang; Yong-gang, Zhang; Yin, Bo

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13029

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In certain instances, collaboration with accident reconstructionists and biomechanical engineers may allow certain questions to be addressed more completely (13)(14)(15). Questions regarding vehicle speed at impact may also be addressed by these special types of investigation (16).…”

Section: Case Of the Monthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Dragging Deaths with Soft Tissue and Bone Grinding Injuries

Prahlow

2016

Academic Forensic Pathology

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Section: Case Of the Monthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Dragging Deaths with Soft Tissue and Bone Grinding Injuries

Prahlow

2016

Academic Forensic Pathology

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“…Due to its significance, many efforts have been focused on seeking the better and more accurate methods to estimate velocities of questioned vehicles. For example, several such methods have been developed based on braking distances , throwing distances , vehicle deformations , needle marks on speedometers , pedestrian injuries , event data recorders (EDR) , and CCTV images .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Pixel‐Based Method to Estimate the Instantaneous Velocity of a Vehicle from CCTV Images

Liu

Yang

Cui

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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In traffic forensic identifications, it was usually unfavorable that estimated velocities of questioned vehicles derived from frame-based methods eventually turned out to be close to but a bit less than speed limits. In this paper, a novel pixel-based method was presented to estimate vehicles' relatively instantaneous velocities. First, two adjacent pixels' actual distance was acquired from the closed-circuit television (CCTV) images. Then, the instantaneous average velocity within this one frame interval time (FIT) was calculated out. The frame-based method and its evaluating result were also introduced in this paper. The results showed that the velocity estimated by this new pixel-based method was higher than which derived from the frame-based method. Employing this presented novel method in these cases, it could be more accurately identified whether or not the vehicles had exceeded the speed limits, and then the responsibilities could be consequently assigned impartially.

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A case-oriented approach for analyzing the uncertainty of a reconstructed result based on the evidence theory

Zou

Cai

et al. 2018

Int J Legal Med

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Uncertainty analysis is an effective methodology to improve the reliability of an accident reconstruction result. Many existing methods can be employed in this field, which can confuse a practicing engineer who does not know these methods well. To make the selection easier, a case-oriented approach was proposed based on the evidence theory. Users only need to input uncertain traces and a selected accident reconstruction model to calculate the uncertainty of reconstructed results using the proposed approach. Three basic steps of the case-oriented approach are as follows: first, all types of input traces should be transformed into their evidence form; then, focal elements of the reconstructed result and their corresponding basic probability assignment (BPA) need to be calculated; finally, the belief function (Bel) and plausibility function (Pl) of the reconstructed results are calculated. Three common conditions, which are accidents with all interval traces, accidents with all probabilistic traces, and accidents with interval and probabilistic traces, were discussed based on the basic steps of the case-oriented approach. Furthermore, methods for how to transform different traces to their evidence form, how to calculate the interval of the response efficiently, and how to fuse high conflict evidence were presented. Numerical cases showed that the approach worked well in all conditions. Finally, a vehicle collisions accident case was presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach in practice.

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Two Simple Formulas for Evaluating the Lower Bound of the Impact Velocity in Vehicle–pedestrian Accidents

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Fatal Dragging Deaths with Soft Tissue and Bone Grinding Injuries

Fatal Dragging Deaths with Soft Tissue and Bone Grinding Injuries

A Novel Pixel‐Based Method to Estimate the Instantaneous Velocity of a Vehicle from CCTV Images

A case-oriented approach for analyzing the uncertainty of a reconstructed result based on the evidence theory

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