Two sides of the same coin – Wildmeat consumption and illegal wildlife trade at the crossroads of Asia

McEvoy, John F.; Connette, Grant M.; Huang, Qiongyu; Soe, Paing; Pyone, Khin Htet Htet; Valitutto, Marc; Htun, Yan Lin; Lin, Aung Naing; Thant, Aung Lwin; Htun, Wai Yan; Paing, Kaung Htet; Swe, Khine Khine; Aung, Myint; Min, Sapai; Songer, Melissa; Leimgruber, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108197

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, it could be possible that the absence of large carnivore released the underlying groups, as in the medium carnivore group. This would not detract from the obtained results, since the stronger human pressure in Myanmar mostly occurs for herbivore species such as the Northern red muntjak, gaur, or sambar deer for local bushmeat consumption in villages [ 23 , 24 ]. It is only a speculation, but it would be interesting to investigate whether humans can “play” the role of apex predators with high rates of hunting in disturbed areas, as we found in our area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera Trapping to Assess Status and Composition of Mammal Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot in Myanmar

Cremonesi

Bisi

Gaffi³

et al. 2021

Animals

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Tropical forests comprise a critically impacted habitat, and it is known that altered forests host a lower diversity of mammal communities. In this study, we investigated the mammal communities of two areas in Myanmar with similar environmental conditions but with great differences in habitat degradation and human disturbance. The main goal was to understand the status and composition of these communities in an understudied area like Myanmar at a broad scale. Using camera trap data from a three-year-long campaign and hierarchical occupancy models with a Bayesian formulation, we evaluated the biodiversity level (species richness) and different ecosystem functions (diet and body mass), as well as the occupancy values of single species as a proxy for population density. We found a lower mammal diversity in the disturbed area, with a significantly lower number of carnivores and herbivores species. Interestingly, the area did not show alteration in its functional composition. Almost all the specific roles in the community were present except for apex predators, thus suggesting that the effects of human disturbance are mainly effecting the communities highest levels. Furthermore, two species showed significantly lower occupancies in the disturbed area during all the monitoring campaigns: one with a strong pressure for bushmeat consumption and a vulnerable carnivore threatened by illegal wildlife trade.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera Trapping to Assess Status and Composition of Mammal Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot in Myanmar

Cremonesi

Bisi

Gaffi³

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…physical, psychological, cultural, and social) that may inspire tourists to consume wildlife (Schiffman & Kanuk, 2004;Wasser & Jiao, 2010). Scholars have also focused on the consequences of wildlife consumption, including adverse effects such as ecological destruction, sharp declines in the populations of certain species, and deterioration of the social atmosphere (Ljung et al, 2012;McEvoy et al, 2019;Zahler et al, 2004). However, limited work has considered food neophilic tourists and their wildlife consumption in a food tourism context.…”

Section: Wildlife Consumption and Food Neophilic Touristsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking game consumption in tourism: a case of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China

Ying

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Tourism Recreation Research

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This opinion piece highlights a lethal connection between novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and wildlife consumption in tourism. While NCP continues to make headlines in the mainstream media, little academic research has considered this illness, especially through the lens of food neophilic tourism. Yet this research stream requires attention, particularly because food is a key motivational factor behind tourists' travel and destination choices. In the case of food neophilic tourism, visitors directly consume wildlife and other exotic cuisine. Unfortunately, this noveltyseeking behavior may pose health risks; wild and exotic animals can carry deadly viruses that have been found to trigger global health epidemics such as SARS, H1N1, bird flu, and NCP. Despite international government agencies' legislative efforts to control wild and exotic animal consumption, demand from food neophilic tourists continues to increase. This paper initiates a dialogue urging tourism scholars to study food tourism and offers practical and theoretical insight to contextualize this perennial and pertinent phenomenon. ARTICLE HISTORY KEYWORDSNovel coronavirus pneumonia; food neophilic tourists; food tourism; wild and exotic animal consumption TOURISM RECREATION RESEARCH https://doi.

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“…Most Chinese did not regularly eat wildlife, whether wild-sourced or artificially bred. Still there was an increased demand for the meat of some wildlife ( Zhou and Jiang, 2004 ), which might encourage poaching, drive up illegal international trade ( McEvoy et al, 2019 ), and affect the wildlife conservation efforts of other countries.…”

Section: Development Of and Concerns Over Commercial Artificial Breedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of China's regulatory regime on commercial artificial breeding of terrestrial wildlife in time of COVID-19 outbreak and impacts on the future

You

2020

Biological Conservation

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The basic attitude of Chinese law towards wildlife resources is differentiated protection plus rational utilizations. Artificial breeding of terrestrial wildlife was a big business and a way to alleviate poverty, but also raised concerns over wildlife conservation and public health. China's complete ban on the consumption of terrestrial wildlife, whether wild-sourced or artificially bred, was a drastic change of China's legal regime on wildlife conservation and commercial artificial breeding. This change will have impacts on the drafting of a new Biosafety Law and the revision and enforcement of the Wildlife Protection Law, the Husbandry law, the Fisheries Law, and the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law.

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Two sides of the same coin – Wildmeat consumption and illegal wildlife trade at the crossroads of Asia

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Camera Trapping to Assess Status and Composition of Mammal Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot in Myanmar

Camera Trapping to Assess Status and Composition of Mammal Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot in Myanmar

Rethinking game consumption in tourism: a case of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China

Changes of China's regulatory regime on commercial artificial breeding of terrestrial wildlife in time of COVID-19 outbreak and impacts on the future

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