Two schemes of multiparty quantum direct secret sharing via a six-particle GHZ state

Abstract

In this paper, two new efficient multiparty quantum direct secret sharing schemes are proposed via a six-particle GHZ state and Bell measurements. In the first scheme, based on the theory of security cryptanalysis, the secret message of the sender is directly encoded into the transmitted particles, and all the agents can obtain their information by performing bell measurement on the received particles, and then cooperate to recover the information of the sender. In the second scheme, we define a new secret shared coding method by performing local unitary operations on the transmitted particles, then agents perform Bell measurements on their own particles respectively, and feedback the measurement to the dealer. If the agent’s results are matched with the previous coding method, the protocol will work out. In addition, the proposed two schemes have the following common advantages: the sender can send all prepared particles to the receiver, and can send an arbitrary key to the receiver, rather than a random secret key; the proposed schemes do not need to insert any detection sets to detect eavesdropping and can resist both existing attacks and spoofing attacks by dishonest agents. The sender need not to retain any photons, so the sender’s quantum memory could be omitted here.

Dynamic Multiparty Quantum Secret Sharing With a Trusted Party Based on Generalized GHZ State

“…QSS schemes for sharing classical bits have been investigated extensively and new QSS schemes emerged constantly, such as in Refs. [19] [20] [21] [22] [23], but compared with the classic secret scheme, there is still a lot of space for QSS scheme to be further studied.…”

Quantum direct secret sharing using Bell state

“…Up to now, many versions of quantum secret sharing protocols have been created [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Because quantum entanglement is an important resource of quantum information, many scholars created QSS schemes based on different multipartite entangled states such as circular QSS [17,18], multiparty-to-multiparty QSS [19], graph state QSS [20,21], entangled-photon QSS [22,23], local operations and classical communication QSS [24][25][26][27][28][29], continuous-variable QSS [30], and so on. These schemes directly used multiparticle entangled states which can guarantee the security of QSS.…”

“…In [23], Zha et al used a six-particle GHZ state and Bell measurements to construct an efficient multiparty quantum direct secret sharing scheme. In this scheme, due to the secure cryptographic analysis, the sender encoded secret messages directly into the transmitted particles.…”

“…This scheme is interesting and meaningful, but they adopt only six-particle quantum states to realize the quantum secret sharing scheme. Hence, there are only three participants in the scheme, and it does not apply to more participants; the scheme in [23] is not discussed for more participants. For this problem, we conduct the relevant research and propose an efficient multiparty quantum direct secret-sharing scheme.…”