Two Putative Acetyltransferases, San and Deco, Are Required for Establishing Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Drosophila

Williams, Byron; Garrett-Engele, Carrie M.; Li, ZeXiao; Williams, Erika V.; Rosenman, Elizabeth D.; Goldberg, Michael L.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.018

Cited by 130 publications

(159 citation statements)

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“…As mentioned above, Eso1 also interacts with Pds5, and genetic evidence suggests that Pds5 inhibits establishment of cohesion in the absence of Eso1 (Tanaka et al 2001). The Ctf7/Eco1 orthologs in Drosophila (Deco) and humans (Esco1/Efo1, Esco2/Efo2) are also required for cohesion (Bellows et al 2003;Hou and Zou 2005;Williams et al 2003). Drosophila deco mutations affect cohesion primarily at centromeres .…”

Section: Pds5 (Spo76 Bimd)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Roles of the sister chromatid cohesion apparatus in gene expression, development, and human syndromes

2006

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The sister chromatid cohesion apparatus mediates physical pairing of duplicated chromosomes. This pairing is essential for appropriate distribution of chromosomes into the daughter cells upon cell division. Recent evidence shows that the cohesion apparatus, which is a significant structural component of chromosomes during interphase, also affects gene expression and development. The Cornelia de Lange (CdLS) and Roberts/SC phocomelia (RBS/SC) genetic syndromes in humans are caused by mutations affecting components of the cohesion apparatus. Studies in Drosophila suggest that effects on gene expression are most likely responsible for developmental alterations in CdLS. Effects on chromatid cohesion are apparent in RBS/SC syndrome, but data from yeast and Drosophila point to the likelihood that changes in expression of genes located in heterochromatin could contribute to the developmental deficits.

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Section: Pds5 (Spo76 Bimd)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Roles of the sister chromatid cohesion apparatus in gene expression, development, and human syndromes

2006

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“…Yeast, fly, and human CTF7 proteins exhibit acetyltransferase activity (Zou et al, 1999;Ivanov et al, 2002;Bellows et al, 2003;Williams et al, 2003). In order to determine if this is also the case for Arabidopsis CTF7, the protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and characterized.…”

Section: Arabidopsis Contains a Single Ctf7 Gene That Lacks An N-termmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of CTF7 proteins along with the effects of ctf7 mutations vary considerably between organisms (Skibbens et al, 1999;Toth et al, 1999;Tanaka et al, 2000;Bellows et al, 2003;Williams et al, 2003;Hou and Zou, 2005). Saccharomyces cerevisiae ctf7 mutations cause a delay in mitosis and cells with a 2C DNA content, separated DNA masses, and partially elongated spindles (Skibbens et al, 1999;Toth et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fission yeast eso1-H17 mutant displays a spindle assembly checkpoint-dependent mitotic delay and abnormal chromosome segregation . Mutation of Drosophila DECO affects the distribution of cohesin proteins, and cells progress prematurely into anaphase, where the spindle checkpoint is activated (Williams et al, 2003). The small, interfering RNA-directed depletion of ESCO1 or ESCO2 in HeLa cells caused defects in sister chromatid cohesion, misalignment of chromosomes on the spindle, and abnormal chromosome segregation; however, it did not appear to affect the distribution of cohesin proteins (Hou and Zou, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Proper Levels of the Arabidopsis Cohesion Establishment Factor CTF7 Are Essential for Embryo and Megagametophyte, But Not Endosperm, Development

Jiang

Xia

et al. 2010

Plant Physiology

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CTF7 is an essential gene in yeast that is required for the formation of sister chromatid cohesion. While recent studies have provided insights into how sister chromatid cohesion is established, less is known about how specifically CTF7 facilitates the formation of cohesion, and essentially nothing is known about how sister chromatid cohesion is established in plants. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of CTF7 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Arabidopsis CTF7 is similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae CTF7 in that it lacks an amino-terminal extension, exhibits acetyltransferase activity, and can complement a yeast ctf7 temperature-sensitive mutation. CTF7 transcripts are found throughout the plant, with the highest levels present in buds. Seeds containing T-DNA insertions in CTF7 exhibit mitotic defects in the zygote. Interestingly, the endosperm developed normally in ctf7 seeds, suggesting that CTF7 is not essential for mitosis in endosperm nuclei. Minor defects were observed in female gametophytes of ctf7 1/2 plants, and plants that overexpress CTF7 exhibited female gametophyte lethality. Pollen development appeared normal in both CTF7 knockout and overexpression plants. Therefore, proper levels of CTF7 are critical for female gametophyte and embryo development but not for the establishment of mitotic cohesion during microgametogenesis or during endosperm development.The proper formation of sister chromatid cohesion and its subsequent release at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition is essential for the proper segregation of genetic material during cell division. It is critical for the compaction of chromosomes and their bipolar attachment to the spindle, DNA double-strand break repair, and the regulation of gene expression (for review, see Nasmyth and Haering, 2009). Sister chromatid cohesion is controlled by the cohesin complex, which consists of a heterodimer of Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) proteins, SMC1 and SMC3, Sister Chromatid Cohesion (SCC) protein SCC3, and SCC1, an a-kleisin protein. Perhaps the most widely accepted model of how cohesin functions has been referred to as the ring model, where the cohesin ring encircles the replicated sisters, holding them together until SCC1 cleavage by separase at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition opens the ring, allowing the release of the sister chromatids (for review, see Nasmyth and Haering, 2009).

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“…Reduced dose of trxG genes counteracts the reduced dose of Pc, restoring normal regulation of homeotic genes and suppressing the sex comb phenotype and other segmental transformations. trxG and PcG genes interact in similar ways to control regulation of Nipped-B, mutations in four other cohesin genes, including smc1, which encodes a core cohesin subunit, do not dominantly suppress either Mrt or Pc mutations (5,20). Although these negative results could be explained in a number of ways, such as genetic background or threshold differences, they prevent drawing any firm conclusion about whether Rad21 functions in developmental gene activation as part of cohesin or separately.…”

Section: Rad21 Is Implicated In Regulation Of Developmental Genes By mentioning

confidence: 97%

Does cohesin regulate developmental gene expression in Drosophila ?

McKee

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Two Putative Acetyltransferases, San and Deco, Are Required for Establishing Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Drosophila

Abstract: and Smc3 proteins (reviewed in [7]), but other important proteins such as Pds5

Cited by 130 publications

References 50 publications

Roles of the sister chromatid cohesion apparatus in gene expression, development, and human syndromes

Roles of the sister chromatid cohesion apparatus in gene expression, development, and human syndromes

Proper Levels of the Arabidopsis Cohesion Establishment Factor CTF7 Are Essential for Embryo and Megagametophyte, But Not Endosperm, Development

Does cohesin regulate developmental gene expression in Drosophila ?

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