Two-photon polymerization of anisotropic composites using acoustic streaming

Lichade, Ketki M.; Hu, Shan; Pan, Yayue

doi:10.1016/j.mfglet.2021.09.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As shown in Table S1, high-end printers or custom systems can project the grayscale mask pattern directly, while more commonly used projection SLA printers can only handle 1-bit slices. 9,10,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Some custom setups [32][33][34][35][36] and modified commercial printers (Table S1; Note S1) provide spatial control over the exposure time to realize FGMs. However, this dynamic digital exposure method fails to be used extensively in commercial setups due to the difficulties of line-by-line G-code modification (i.e., to assign different exposure times for different regions in the same layer) 37 and its step-and-exposure process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Halftoning for Printer-Independent Stereolithography of Functionally Graded Materials

Fei

Parra‐Cabrera

Xia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Halftoning for Printer-Independent Stereolithography of Functionally Graded Materials

Fei

Parra‐Cabrera

Xia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…An acoustic tweezer is a noninvasive and contactless method to manipulate particles on any solid plate or those dispersed inside the polymer matrix. − In this paper, a facile method based on the acoustic tweezer has been developed for the fabrication of the beetle-inspired composite surfaces. In our acoustic tweezer, a surface standing acoustic wave was generated by piezoelectric transducers, propagated along a Kapton polymer substrate as an antisymmetric lamb wave, and finally leaked into the liquid media to assemble the particles into a desired pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Tweezer-Modulated Biomimetic Patterned Particle-Polymer Composite for Water Vapor Harvesting

Shahriar

Lui

Zhang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the recent threat of climate change and global warming, ensuring access to safe drinking water is a great challenge in many areas worldwide. Designing functional materials for capturing water from natural resources like fog and mist has become one of the key research areas to maximize the production of clean water. From this aspect, nature is a great source for designing bioinspired functional materials as some of the plant leaves and animal exoskeletons can harness water and then store it to save themselves from arid, xeric conditions. Inspired by the Stenocara beetle, we have designed a composite surface structure with periodic islands made of aluminum microparticles surrounded by poly(dimethylenesiloxane) (PDMS). An acoustic tweezer-based method was used to fabricate the bioinspired composite structures, where surface acoustic waves at specific frequencies and amplitudes are applied to align the microparticles as islands in the polymer matrix. An oxygen plasma etching step was applied to expose the microparticles on the PDMS surface. The average water harvesting efficiencies for structures made with 120 and 80 kHz acoustic frequencies and 1 hour etching time were found to be 9.41 and 8.84 g cm–2 h–1, respectively. The acoustically patterned biomimetic composite surface showed higher water harvesting efficiency compared with completely hydrophobic PDMS and hydrophilic aluminum surfaces, demonstrating the advantages of the bioinspired composite material design and acoustic-assisted manufacturing technique. The biomimetic fog water harvesting material is a promising avenue to fulfill the demand for a cost-effective, sustainable, and energy-efficient solution to safe drinking water.

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“…In contrast, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques such as stereolithography (SL) [21] and Two-Photon Polymerization (TPP) [22] have emerged as advanced and direct manufacturing techniques for the fabrication of complex 3D hierarchical surfaces via layer-by-layer approach. In addition, to fabricate surfaces with spatially-varied material compositions, several studies have demonstrated that the use of external forces through magnetic, [23,24] acoustic, [25,26] or electrical [27] signals can precisely control the location and concentration of particles within the polymer matrix. For instance, the magnetic field-assisted SL process demonstrated by Lu et al [23] can fabricate heterogeneous composite structures with locally-controlled magnetic particle distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and Simple Fabrication of Multimaterial Hierarchical Surfaces Using Acoustic Assembly Photopolymerization (AAP)

Lichade

Pan

2022

Adv Materials Inter

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contributing to many potential uses such as spatial control of fluid, drug delivery, droplet manipulation, water-harvesting, and lab-on-a-chip devices. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Additionally, these surfaces were also found to be beneficial for biomedical applications such as drug screening and tissue engineering, owing to their shorter reaction times and less usage of rare biological samples or reagents.A variety of approaches have been developed for the fabrication of multimaterial and/or hierarchically structured surfaces with wettability contrast, including CNC machining, [5] spray coating, [9,10] wire electrical discharge machining, [11] vapor deposition, [12] lithography, [13] and laser microfabrication. [14,15] Although these techniques have enabled the direct fabrication of surfaces with tunable wetting properties, significant challenges still exist in producing complex 3D surface structures in an eco-friendly fashion. For example, hierarchical surfaces developed by the spray coating method undergo chemical instability after exposure to organic solvents. Machining and laser-based manufacturing processes are limited to single materials such as elastomers or metals. Moreover, the surface structure topology fabricated using a conventional direct fabrication approach is usually limited to one or two levels only.Combining two or more direct fabrication techniques is a common approach to address the aforementioned challenges and achieve higher structural complexities. For instance, Lee et al. [16] prepared microscale groove surface patterns using machining and compression molding, resulting in a superhydrophobic anisotropic surface (CA:150°). Additional dip-coating created nanoscale patterns to induce low sliding angles, enabling liquid transportation. Peng et al. [17] utilized templating and diffusion-controlled bucking to generate a dual-structured hierarchical surface with microsized wrinkles. To enhance the biocompatibility, the surface was chemically modified using dopamine-glycopolymer. Other indirect micro-fabrication methods, including surface wrinkling by thermal annealing, [18] electrochemical etching followed by deposition, [19] and colloidal crystal templating, [20] have been investigated for developing hierarchical surfaces with a high wettability contrast. Nevertheless, it is difficult to precisely control the dimensions of the Multimaterial surfaces with hierarchical features have many potential applications in self-cleaning, droplet manipulation, microfluidics, and biomedicine, owing to their wide range of functionalities induced by structural and material contrasts. Here, a fast and sustainable manufacturing method, acoustic assembly photopolymerization (AAP), is presented for productions of such surfaces. In the novel AAP process, an external acoustic field is used to assemble microparticles to microsized patterns, while the photocuring is combined with the acoustic assembly to produce multilevel hierarchical features, such as cones and wrinkles ranging from nanometer to micrometer. The mechanism unde...

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Two-photon polymerization of anisotropic composites using acoustic streaming

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Digital Halftoning for Printer-Independent Stereolithography of Functionally Graded Materials

Digital Halftoning for Printer-Independent Stereolithography of Functionally Graded Materials

Acoustic Tweezer-Modulated Biomimetic Patterned Particle-Polymer Composite for Water Vapor Harvesting

Fast and Simple Fabrication of Multimaterial Hierarchical Surfaces Using Acoustic Assembly Photopolymerization (AAP)

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