Two-photon absorption and nonclassical states of light

Gilles, Luc; Knight, P. L.

doi:10.1103/physreva.48.1582

Cited by 77 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It appears that the system has to a significant extent recohered and the final density matrix is very nearly that of a pure state. While this is not the usual behavior of an open quantum system, based on previous work such as Yurke and Stoler (1986), Yurke et al (1990), Gilles and Knight (1993a), and Gilles et al (1994a), it is in-line with our expectations of an environment that "decoheres" a system to an almost pure state that is a very good approximation to a Schrödinger cat state.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We note that our scheme is simpler than and different from other driven dissipative bistable systems [for example, the coherently driven optical cavity containing a Kerr medium (Walls and Milburn, 2008), the driven Duffing mechanical resonator (Babourina-Brooks et al, 2008), tapered optical fibers (Hendrickson et al, 2010), and photon pumps (Gilles and Knight, 1993a;Gilles et al, 1994a)], as we do not include driving on either the cavity resonance or the coordinate degree of freedom. The possibility of engineering dissipative channels, such as the one that we present in this work, opens up new opportunities for exploring quantum phenomena from the micro to macroscopic level and in fields as diverse as quantum optics (Haycock et al, 2000), Bose-Einstein condensates (Andrews, 1997), quantum electronics (Friedman et al, 2000), and nano-mechanics (Badzey and Mohanty, 2005) [for which multi-phonon relaxation has already been proposed (Voje et al, 2013a,b)] or any other system in which it is possible to generate a double well potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering Dissipative Channels for Realizing SchrÃ¶dinger Cats in SQUIDs

et al. 2014

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We show that by engineering the interaction with the environment, there exists a large class of systems that can evolve irreversibly to a cat state. To be precise, we show that it is possible to engineer an irreversible process so that the steady state is close to a pure Schrödinger's cat state by using double well systems and an environment comprising two-photon (or phonon) absorbers. We also show that it should be possible to prolong the lifetime of a Schrödinger's cat state exposed to the destructive effects of a conventional single-photon decohering environment. In addition to our general analysis, we present a concrete circuit realization of both system and environment that should be fabricatable with current technologies. Our protocol should make it easier to prepare and maintain Schrödinger cat states, which would be useful in applications of quantum metrology and information processing as well as being of interest to those probing the quantum to classical transition.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Dissipative Channels for Realizing SchrÃ¶dinger Cats in SQUIDs

et al. 2014

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“…The use of optical nonlinearities to transform the Poisson number distribution of a laser pulse has previously been studied in a number of different systems [11][12]. Here we simply estimate the effect of TPA and single photon loss on a weak coherent state (WCS) α by performing a density matrix calculation using a truncated representation for the initial state.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single photon source using laser pulses and two-photon absorption

2006

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We have previously shown that two-photon absorption (TPA) and the quantum Zeno effect can be used to make deterministic quantum logic devices from an otherwise linear optical system. Here we show that this type of quantum Zeno gate can be used with additional two-photon absorbing media and weak laser pulses to make a heralded single photon source. A source of this kind is expected to have a number of practical advantages that make it well suited for large scale quantum information processing applications.Although two-photon absorption (TPA) is a nonlinear optical process, it is not typically considered a fundamental resource for optical quantum information processing (QIP). We have previously shown that TPA and the quantum Zeno effect can be used to make deterministic quantum logic devices (Zeno gates) from an otherwise linear optical system [1]. In a Zeno gate, TPA is used to suppress the failure events that would normally occur in a linear optics device [2-4] when multiple photons exit the device in the same optical mode. Here we show that additional two-photon absorbing media can be used in a more conventional manner along with a Zeno gate to convert weak laser pulses into heralded single photon pulses. Because recent theoretical results indicate that single photon losses can be much less than the rate of TPA [5], realistic devices of this kind could become critical components for future optical QIP systems.There have been many demonstrations of single photon sources over the past few years using a variety of physical systems, including parametric down conversion (PDC) [6], quantum dots [7], and single molecules [8]. Two metrics commonly used to categorize these sources are the heralding efficiency, which is the probability that the output contains a single photon given a trigger signal from the source, and the production efficiency, which is the probability that the source will produce a single photon on any given attempt. Although PDC sources have demonstrated heralding efficiencies approaching 85% [6], the conversion rate of the PDC process currently limits the overall production rate to much less than 1%. This would mean that a very large number of these types of sources would have to be combined with very low loss switches in order to make a deterministic single photon source.Unheralded sources, such as quantum dots, have demonstrated relatively high production rates ~20% [7], but their potential use in large QIP systems may be limited by the lack of a heralding signal. There have recently been several proposals to make heralding devices for these types of sources using linear [9] and nonlinear [10] optical techniques, including TPA; however, the maximum heralding efficiency using these techniques and assuming ideal nonlinearities, perfect detectors, and neglecting single photon loss, is under 85% [10]. The source we present here can be viewed as an unheralded source with an ideal production efficiency of 50% followed by a heralding circuit (Zeno gate) with an ideal heralding efficiency of 100%.The poten...

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“…The two-photon absorptive coupling of the resonator mode to the bath modes a 3 is modeled by a hopping Hamiltonian in which two cavity photons are destroyed for every bath photon created [21,22,23,24,25]…”

Section: A the Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dephasing due to intermode coupling in superconducting stripline resonators

Buks

Yurke²

2006

Phys. Rev. A

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The nonlinearity exhibited by the kinetic inductance of a superconducting stripline couples stripline resonator modes together in a manner suitable for quantum non-demolition measurement of the number of photons in a given resonator mode. Quantum non-demolition measurement is accomplished by coherently driving another resonator mode, referred to as the detector mode, and measuring its response. We show that the sensitivity of such a detection scheme is directly related to the dephasing rate induced by such an intermode coupling. We show that high sensitivity is expected when the detector mode is driven into the nonlinear regime and operated close to a point where critical slowing down occurs.

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Two-photon absorption and nonclassical states of light

Cited by 77 publications

References 27 publications

Engineering Dissipative Channels for Realizing SchrÃ¶dinger Cats in SQUIDs

Engineering Dissipative Channels for Realizing SchrÃ¶dinger Cats in SQUIDs

Single photon source using laser pulses and two-photon absorption

Dephasing due to intermode coupling in superconducting stripline resonators

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