Two-phase pressure drop of air–water and R-410A in small horizontal tubes

Experimental study of convective condensation in an inclined smooth tube. Part II: Inclination effect on pressure drops and void fractions

“…The void fraction correlation of Chisholm [25] is used with the pressure drop correlations of Chisholm [25], Chen et al [14] and Cavallini et al [5]. All the correlations represent the experimental results well, except the homogeneous model, which is not valid for flows with a slip ratio not equal to one, which is the case in the present study.…”

“…They found that the model of Cavallini et al [5] and the model of Chen et al [14] predicted the experimental pressure drop well. Both correlations were developed for a horizontal orientation.…”

Two-Phase Flow Boiling Heat Transfer for Evaporative Refrigerants in Various Circular Minichannels

“…Mishima and Hibiki (1996), Yu et al(2002), and Kawahara et al (2002) developed pressure drop correlations on the basis of the Chisholm (1967) correlation. Chang et al (2000), Chen et al (2001), and Zhang and Webb (2001) developed pressure drop correlations on the basis of the Friedel (1979) correlation. Tran et al (2000) measured the two-phase flow pressure drop with refrigerants R-134a, R-12, and R-113 in small round and rectangular channels.…”

“…The present experimental data for pressure drop were obtained by the previous experiments compared with existing two-phase pressure drop prediction methods, namely Beattie and Whalley (1982), Cicchitti et al (1960), McAdams (1954), Chang et al (2000), Dukler et al (1964), Friedel (1979), Chisholm (1983), Tran et al (2000), Zhang and Webb (2001), Mishima and Hibiki (1996), Lockhart and Martinelli (1949), Shah (1988), Tran et al (1996), Jung at al. (1989), Gungor and Winterton (1987), Takamatsu et al (1993), Kandlikar and Stainke (2003), Wattelet et al (1994), Chen (1966), Zhang et al (2004), Chang and Ro (1996), Yu et al (2002), Friedel (1979), Kawahara et al (2002), Mishima (1983), Chisholm et al (2000), Tran et al (2000), Chen (2001), and Yoon et al (2004). A new correlation for twophase frictional pressure drop was developed on the basis of the Lockhart-Martinelli method using the present experimental data.…”

“…The experimental results were compared with the predictions of seven existing heat transfer correlations, namely those reported by Mishima and Hibiki (1996), Friedel (1979), Chang at al. (2000), Lockhart and Martinelli (1949), Chisholm (1983), Zhang and Webb (2001), Chen (1966), Chen et al (2001), Kawahara et al (2002), Tran et al (1996), Tran et al (2000), Wattelet et al (1993), Wattelet et al (1994), Gungore-Winterton (1986), Gungore-Winterton (1989), Zhang et al (2004), Kandlikare-Steinke (1996), Kandlikare-Steinke (2003), Jung et al(1989), Jung et al (2004), Shah (1988), Gungore-Winterton (1987), Zhang et al (1987), andTakamatsu et al (2003) was and were developed in this study based on superposition, due to the limitations in the correlation for forced convective boiling of refrigerants in small channels. Compared with conventional channels, evaporation in small channels may provide a higher heat transfer coefficient due to their higher contact area per unit volume of fluid.…”