Two of a Feather: A Comparison of the Preserved Integument in the Juvenile Theropod Dinosaurs Sciurumimus and Juravenator from the Kimmeridgian Torleite Formation of Southern Germany

Foth, Christian; Haug, Carolin; Haug, Joachim T.; Tischlinger, Helmut; Rauhut, Oliver W. M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27223-4_6

Cited by 6 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…2006; Chiappe & Göhlich 2010; Bell & Hendrickx 2020; Foth et al . 2020). However, it is the soft tissue on the tail, between the 8th and 22nd caudal vertebrae (cv), that provides the most information about its outer covering and which are described here (Figs 1, 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2006; Chiappe & Göhlich 2010; Reisdorf & Wuttke 2012; Foth et al . 2020). The specimen represents a juvenile (Göhlich & Chiappe 2006; Chiappe & Göhlich 2010) and possibly nocturnal (Schmitz & Motani 2011) animal typically classified as a basally‐branching coelurosaur (Butler & Upchurch 2007; Hartman et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2012; Foth et al . 2020). JME Sch 200 was observed first hand at the Jura‐Museum Eichstätt (Germany) and photographed under white light using various cameras and a digital microscope AM411T‐Dino‐Lite.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imaging under UV was done by H. Tischlinger and A. Radecker following the autofluorescence methods detailed in Foth et al . (2020). Measurements were taken from photos imported into ImageJ 1.52q (Rueden et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2006; Chiappe & Göhlich 2010; Foth et al . 2020). The purpose of this reanalysis is to clarify several features of its soft tissue anatomy and comment on newly identified epidermal features that distinguish Juravenator 's integumentary covering as one of the most diverse yet known among non‐avian theropods.…”

Section: Institutional Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidermal complexity in the theropod dinosaur Juravenator from the Upper Jurassic of Germany

Bell

Hendrickx

2020

Palaeontology

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Epidermal scales among modern reptiles are morphologically diverse and serve a variety of functions ranging from moisture balance to chemoreception. Despite being predominantly squamous‐skinned (scaly), the functional implications of this type of integument have never before been explored for a dinosaur. Re‐examination of the holotype of the theropod Juravenator starki (Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic) reveals previously unseen diversity in its epidermal covering. In addition to the presence of short monofilaments on the dorsal and ventral parts of the tail, we identify distinctive scale patterns corresponding to discrete longitudinal bands of scutate, tuberculate and ornamented scales along the length of the tail. In modern squamous‐skinned amniotes, variation in scale architecture can be linked to functional differences between scale types. In Juravenator, distinctive circular nodes associated with the ornamented scales have recently been interpreted as integumentary sense organs. We also suggest that it is likely that the snake‐like scutate scales on the underside of the tail fulfilled a role related to mechanical protection rather than locomotory function. Whereas the literature on theropod epidermal structures has been dominated by discussions on the evolution and diversity of feathers, this study highlights the complexity of squamous integument in Juravenator, which is revealed as one of the most complex among known theropods. An exploration of the epidermal structures found in Juravenator and other non‐avian theropods reveals great complexity in the type and distribution of these structures across the clade, suggesting potential for the future inquiry into their taxonomic and biological importance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidermal complexity in the theropod dinosaur Juravenator from the Upper Jurassic of Germany

Bell

Hendrickx

2020

Palaeontology

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Crocodile-like sensory scales in a Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur

Bell

Hendrickx

2020

Current Biology

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Pterosaurs evolved a muscular wing–body junction providing multifaceted flight performance benefits: Advanced aerodynamic smoothing, sophisticated wing root control, and wing force generation

Pittman

Barlow

Kaye³

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Pterosaurs were the first vertebrate flyers and lived for over 160 million years. However, aspects of their flight anatomy and flight performance remain unclear. Using laser-stimulated fluorescence, we observed direct soft tissue evidence of a wing root fairing in a pterosaur, a feature that smooths out the wing–body junction, reducing associated drag, as in modern aircraft and flying animals. Unlike bats and birds, the pterosaur wing root fairing was unique in being primarily made of muscle rather than fur or feathers. As a muscular feature, pterosaurs appear to have used their fairing to access further flight performance benefits through sophisticated control of their wing root and contributions to wing elevation and/or anterior wing motion during the flight stroke. This study underscores the value of using new instrumentation to fill knowledge gaps in pterosaur flight anatomy and evolution.

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Two of a Feather: A Comparison of the Preserved Integument in the Juvenile Theropod Dinosaurs Sciurumimus and Juravenator from the Kimmeridgian Torleite Formation of Southern Germany

Cited by 6 publications

References 108 publications

Epidermal complexity in the theropod dinosaur Juravenator from the Upper Jurassic of Germany

Epidermal complexity in the theropod dinosaur Juravenator from the Upper Jurassic of Germany

Crocodile-like sensory scales in a Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur

Pterosaurs evolved a muscular wing–body junction providing multifaceted flight performance benefits: Advanced aerodynamic smoothing, sophisticated wing root control, and wing force generation

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