Two Novel SNPs in RET Gene Are Associated with Cattle Body Measurement Traits

Myostatin (MSTN) gene, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta super-family and plays a negative role in muscle development. It acts as key points during pre- and post-natal life of amniotes that ultimately determine the overall muscle mass of animals. There are several studies that concentrate on the effect of a 5 bp insertion/deletion (indel) within the 5’ untranslated region (5’ UTR) of goat MSTN gene in goats. However, almost all sample sizes were below 150 individuals. Only in Boer goats, the sample sizes reached 482. Hence, whether the 5 bp indel was still associated with the growth traits of goats in large sample sizes which were more reliable is not clear. To find an effective and dependable DNA marker for goat rearing, we first enlarged the sample sizes (n = 1074, Shaanbei White Cashmere goat) which would enhance the robustness of the analysis and did the association analyses between the 5 bp indel and growth traits. Results uncovered that the 5 bp indel was significantly related to body height, height at hip cross, and chest width index (p < 0.05). In addition, individuals with DD genotype had a superior growing performance than those with the ID genotype. These findings suggested that the 5 bp indel in MSTN gene are significantly associated with growth traits and the specific genotype might be promising for maker-assisted selection (MAS) of goats.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myostatin (MSTN) Gene Indel Variation and Its Associations with Body Traits in Shaanbei White Cashmere Goat

Feng

Wang

et al. 2020

“…was used to calculate genetic parameters, including polymorphic information content ( PIC ), homozygosity ( Ho ), heterozygosity ( He ) and effective allele numbers ( Ne ) [ 20 ]. Associations between SNP locus genotypes and phenotypes (body height, body length, chest circumference and hide weight) in Dezhou donkeys were analyzed using a general linear model in SPSS 26.0 (Statistical Product and Service Solutions, Version 26.0 Edition, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) [ 21 ]. The analytical model is as follows:

where Y is the individual phenotypic measure, μ denotes the mean value of body size trait and hide weight, a indicates the fixed factor genotype and e stands for random error.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel A > G Polymorphism in the Intron 1 of LCORL Gene Is Significantly Associated with Hide Weight and Body Size in Dezhou Donkey

Wang

Shi

Liu

et al. 2022

Several studies have shown the association between the ligand-dependent nuclear receptor compression-like protein (LCORL) gene and body size in horses, pigs and donkeys. Based on previous studies, the LCORL gene was hypothesized to be associated with growth traits and hide weight in Dezhou donkeys. In this study, we aimed to reveal the variation of the LCORL gene in the Dezhou donkey and explore whether the gene is associated with hide weight and body size. In this study, genetic polymorphisms in the LCORL gene of the Dezhou donkey were studied using targeted sequencing technology, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the LCORL gene were analyzed for association with hide weight and body size in Dezhou donkeys. The results showed that there was an SNP locus situated in intron 1 of the LCORL gene. Association analysis revealed that individuals with the GG genotype had significantly higher body height, body length, chest circumference and hide weight than those with the AA genotype (p < 0.05). Therefore, the g.112558859 A > G locus can be used as a potential candidate marker affecting body size and hide weight. This study provides the foundation for breeding high-quality donkeys with high hide yield.

“…The DNA sample quality was tested by Nanodrop 1000 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). All DNA samples were diluted to 50 ng/μL and stored at −20 °C [ 27 ]. DNA mixture was prepared by randomly selecting 20 individuals of each breed to mix DNA equally.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relationship between variations of GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR and their growth traits. a ± 1 27. (n = 25) 71.50 b ± 2.07 (n = 7) 84.50 a ± 3.50 (n = 2b ± 0.45 (n = 90) 64.26 a ± 0.46 (n = 80) 62.37 a,b ± 0.85 (n = 20) 0.023 STHS Chest depth (cm) 27.17 b ± 0.29 (n = 90) 27.89 a,b ± 0.27 (n = 80) 28.66 a ± 0.61 (n = 20) 0.036 TS Hip width (cm) 13.88 b ± 0.27 (n = 48) 15.10 a,b ± 0.30 (n = 27) 16.50 a ± 0.50 (n = 2) 0.005 GHR-44 HS Body weight (kg) 32.73 a ± 0.36 (n = 141) 31.03 b ± 0.83 (n = 38) 27.18 b ± 1.94 (n = 4) 0.009 STHS Body height (cm) 62.82 b ± 0.36 (n = 129) 64.00 a,b ± 0.62 (n = 54) 66.14 a ± 1.30 (n = 7) 0.044 TS Head depth (cm) 14.53 b ± 1.32 (n = 26) 14.94 a ± 0.11 (n = 42) 14.20 b ± 0.32 (n = 10) 0.007 GHR-53 HS Cannon girth (cm) 6.96 b ± 0.09 (n = 49) 7.12 a,b ± 0.05 (n = 97) 7.25 a ± 0.10 (n = 38) 0.049 STHS Chest circumference (cm) 72.20 a,b ± 0.78 (n = 52) 71.00 b ± 0.61 (n = 83) 73.60 a ± 0.91 (n = 55) 0.043 TS Forehead width (cm) 12.00 b ± 0.27 (n = 5) 12.86 a ± 0.11 (n = 47) 12.90 a ± 0.15 (n = 25) 0.049 GHRHR-2 LFHS Body weight (kg) 47.27 b ± 2.96 (n = 23) 58.95 a,b ± 4.88 (n = 8) 62.87 a ± 3.68 (n = 3) 0.050 Notes: STHS: Small tail han sheep; TS: Tong sheep; LFTS: Lanzhou fat-tail sheep: HS: Hu sheep; LSM: least squares technique; SE: standard error; STHS: Small tail han sheep; TS: Tong sheep; LFTS: Lanzhou fat-tail sheep: HS: Hu sheep; II: insertion/insertion; ID: insertion/deletion; DD: deletion/deletion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel InDels of GHR, GHRH, GHRHR and Their Association with Growth Traits in Seven Chinese Sheep Breeds

Zhao

Tang

et al. 2020

The GH growth axis plays an important role in the growth and development of animals and runs through the whole life of animals. Many studies have shown that molecular mutations in key genes of the GH axis will affect the growth and development of animals. The purpose of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics of InDels of GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR in seven Chinese sheep populations, and to further explore the relationship between InDels and sheep growth traits. GHR showed high variation in Chinese sheep, and GHR-53 showed the highest minimum allele frequency (MAF). There was only one InDel mutation site in both GHRH and GHRHR. The genotype frequencies of Hu sheep (HS), Tong sheep (TS), and Lanzhou fat-tail sheep (LFTS) were quite different from other breeds. The association between GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR InDels and body size traits in seven varieties were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between GHRH and body size traits in the seven sheep populations. There was a positive association between GHR-21 and hip height of LFSH (p < 0.05). GHR-43 reduced body height and chest depth of Small tail han sheep (STHS) and hip width of TS. GHR-44 significantly affected the body weight of HS, the body height of STHS and the head depth of TS. GHR-53 significantly reduced cannon girth of HS, chest of STHS and forehead width of TS. GHRHR-2 significantly reduced the body weight of LFHS. To sum up, this study revealed the effects of GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR InDels on sheep phenotypic traits, which indicated their potential application prospects in the genetic improvement of mutton sheep.