Two new species of Pycnophyes (Homalorhagida, Kinorhyncha) from the Canadian coast of the Beaufort Sea

Abstract

Two new homalorhagid kinorhynchs, Pycnophyes canadensis n.sp. and Pycnophyes borealis n.sp., are described from two localities near Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, Canada. Material collected in 1986 and 1987 from depths between 9.7 and 22.0 m in Tuktoyaktuk Harbour and nearby Mason Bay also included juvenile stages of a second homalorhagid genus, Kinorhynchus. These constitute the first kinorhynchs described from Canada, the first homalorhagid kinorhynchs from the Beaufort Sea, and the first Kinorhynchus from the Arctic.

Four new species of <i>Pycnophyes</i> (Kinorhyncha: Homalorhagida) from Korea and the East China Sea

“…arctous, P. canadensis Higgins and Korczynski, 1989; P. chilensis, P. maximus Reimer, 1963;P. odhneri and P. ponticus (Reinhard, 1881) (see Reinhard 1881, Lang 1949, 1953, Reimer 1963, Higgins and Korczynski 1989, Adrianov and Malakhov 1999, Martorelli and Higgins 2004.…”

“…However, P. chilensis and P. maximus do not have any kind of setae at all (see Lang 1953, Reimer 1963, P. canadensis has subdorsal setae on segment 1 (see Higgins and Korczynski 1989), whereas the remaining species only show setae in lateroventral position on the tergal plates: P. arctous on segment 2 (in females only), P. argentinensis on segment 6, P. odhneri on segments 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10, and P. ponticus on segments 2-10 (see Reinhard 1881, Lang 1949, Adrianov and Malakhov 1999, Martorelli and Higgins 2004 and hence not in laterodorsal position of segments 2 and 9 as found in Pycnophyes smaug n. sp. Moreover, P. odhneri differs from Pycnophyes smaug n. sp.…”

Pycnophyes dolichurus sp. nov. and P. aulacodes sp. nov. (Kinorhyncha, Homalorhagida, Pycnophyidae), two new kinorhynchs from Spain with a reevaluation of homalorhagid taxonomic characters

“…Other species, including P. longicornis, P. chiliensis Lang, 1953, andP. canadensis Higgins andKorczynski, 1989 also have extraordinary long lateral terminal spinesa character that enables the observer to identify these species of Pycnophyes easily. However, none of them present a TL/LTS proportion similar to P. dolichurus sp.…”

“…However, none of them present a TL/LTS proportion similar to P. dolichurus sp. nov. (Lang 1953;Higgins 1983;Higgins and Korczynski 1989). From these, the closest species in terms of lateral terminal spine length is P. longicornis (37.7% of TL in males).…”

5. Kinorhyncha (= Echinodera)

“…They described 60 new species, redescribed 14 species, and established six new genera (Higgins 1960(Higgins , 1961(Higgins , 1964a(Higgins ,b, 1965b(Higgins , 1966a(Higgins ,b, 1967(Higgins , 1968(Higgins , 1969a(Higgins ,b, 1977a(Higgins ,b, 1978b(Higgins , 1982(Higgins , 1983(Higgins , 1985(Higgins , 1986c(Higgins , d, 1990(Higgins , 1991Higgins & Korczynski 1989;Higgins & Kristensen 1988;Higgins & Shirayama 1990;Higgins & Adrianov 1991;Adrianov & Higgins 1996;Pardos et al 1998;Martorelli & Higgins 2004;Neuhaus et al 2013). They described 60 new species, redescribed 14 species, and established six new genera (Higgins 1960(Higgins , 1961(Higgins , 1964a(Higgins ,b, 1965b(Higgins , 1966a(Higgins ,b, 1967(Higgins , 1968(Higgins , 1969a(Higgins ,b, 1977a(Higgins ,b, 1978b(Higgins , 1982(Higgins , 1983(Higgins , 1985(Higgins , 1986c(Higgins , d, 1990(Higgins , 1991Higgins & Korczynski 1989;Higgins & Kristensen 1988;Higgins &...…”