Two New Records of Juvenile Oedalechilus labiosus and Ellochelon vaigiensis (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) from Jeju Island, Korea, as Revealed by Molecular Analysis

Abstract

Eighteen specimens of juvenile Mugilidae were collected in October 2012 from the southern coastal waters of Jeju Island, and identified based on analysis of their mitochondrial DNA16S rRNA sequences. Seventeen specimens of Oedalechilus labiosus and a single specimen of Ellochelon vaigiensis were found, constituting a new record for these species among Korean ichthyofauna. O. labiosus is identified by the angle at the posterior end of its mouth, which contains a round notch, a darkish dorsal margin of the pectoral fin, the presence of 33-36 lateral line scales, and 23-24 vertebrae. E. vaigiensis is identified by dark dorsal and pectoral fins, the presence of 26 lateral line scales, and 25 vertebrae. The proposed Korean name for Oedalechilus is 'Sol-ip-sung-eo-sok' and that for Ellochelon is 'Nup-jeok-ggo-ri-sung-eo-sok.' The proposed Korean names for the species are 'Sol-ip-sung-eo' and 'Nup-jeok-ggo-ri-sung-eo' for O. labiosus and E. vaigiensis, respectively. We present a key for identification of the Mugilidae family of species from Korea, and include these two newly recorded species.

Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis from multiple gene fragments reveals genetic heterogeneity of Crassostrea ariakensis in East Asia

“…Natural beds of C. ariakensis in Korea are also considered to have experienced substantial recent declines, attributed to over-harvesting and increased seawater flow into estuaries (Yoon et al 2008). Existing studies that have applied molecular markers for species identification that include mitochondrial 16S rRNA (Kwun et al 2013;Lee et al 2000) and CO I (Wang et al 2004), and nuclear 28S rRNA , internal transcribed spacer regions (Kim et al 2009), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Jung et al 2006), microsatellites (Xiao et al 2010), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (Cordes et al 2008) and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (Kim et al 2009). Results suggest that a sharp genetic differentiation exists among C. ariakensis samples in East Asian wild populations, identified as northern (N-type) and southern (S-type) genetic groups (Xiao et al 2010).…”

New record of the Crenimugil crenilabis (Forsskål, 1775) (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) from Korea, as revealed by mitochondrial DNA barcoding

“…When C. crenilabis is compared morphologically with the seven other mugilid species recorded in Korea, the species differs from six mugilid species in the shape of its lips (lips with papillae in C crenilabis vs. smooth lips in six mugilid species), and from Oedalechilus labiosus by the shape of the mouth corner and lips (no notch and several rows of papillae in C. crenilabis vs. notch and file-like margin in O. labiosus) (Thomson 1997;Kwun et al 2013).…”

“…The family Mugilidae (order Mugiliformes) is distributed in the coastal marine and brackish waters of tropical and temperate seas, and contains 20 genera and 75 species worldwide (Nelson et al 2016). Among these, five genera and seven species occur on the coast of Korea [Chelon affinis (G€ unther 1861), C. macrolepis (Smith 1947), C. haematocheilus (Temminck and Schlegel 1845), Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy andGaimard 1824-1825), Moolgarda seheli (Forsskål 1775), and Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758] (Kim et al 2005;Kwun, Kim, Kweon 2012;Kwun, Kim, Lee, et al 2012;Kwun et al 2013). This family is characterized by the wide separation of the two dorsal fins, an anal fin with spines and soft rays, and a subabdominal pelvic fin (Nelson et al 2016).…”

“…However, the species in this family have similar morphological characteristics, especially in their body shape and coloration, so it is not only difficult to identify them but also to establish their taxonomy . Accordingly, molecular analyses, including DNA barcoding, has been used in several studies of mugilid species Kwun et al 2013;Durand 2015;Xia et al 2016) In this study, a single specimen of a mugilid species was collected on Jeju Island, and we identified the specimen as C. crenilabis (Forsskål 1775) with mitochondrial DNA barcoding. This genus and species have not been reported in Korea until now, so a morphological description is provided for the first time.…”

Checklist of the tidal pool fishes of Jeju Island, Korea

“…Subsequent inventories (Kim and Lee 1994, Yoo et al 1995, Kim et al 2009) recorded up to 655 species from the island environs, including freshwater fishes, and additional species have more recently been reported from the island’s coastal waters (Kwun et al 2012, Kwun et al 2013, Song et al 2013, Kim et al 2014, Myoung et al 2014, Kim 2015, Lee and Kim 2015, Kwun et al 2016b, Yeo and Kim 2016). …”