Two new geothermal prospects in the Mexican Volcanic Belt: La Escalera and Agua Caliente – Tzitzio geothermal springs, Michoacán, México

Jácome-Paz, Mariana Patricia; Pérez-Zárate, D.; Prol‐Ledesma, Rosa María; Rodríguez-Díaz, Augusto Antonio; Estrada-Murillo, Aurora María; Romo, Irving Antonio González –; Magaña-Torres, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2019.02.004

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thermal discharges in the Araró-Simirao geothermal system are related to zones of high permeability, which are controlled by the main E-W and NE-SW faults and by the NWSE system. Similarly, thermal discharges observed in the Los Azufres geothermal field and the Tizitzio-La Escalera geothermal system, south of Araró-Simirao, are controlled by E-W extensional faults within the TMVB (González-Partida et al, 2000;Jácome-Paz et al, 2019) and reactivated fault systems related to Riedel deformation models (e.g., R', P', N, and T faults with NW-SE and NE-SW orientations; Jácome-Paz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Relationships Between Diffuse Gas Emission Concentrations In...mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…According to Fridriksson (2009), CO 2 measurements (concentration and flux) in released steam allow for the quantification of steam and heat flow. This gas is used as a magma degassing tracer due to its low solubility in silicate melts at moderate pressure, and CO 2 anomalies usually coincide with high-verticalpermeability zones (Mazot et al, 2011;Hernández et al, 2015;Peiffer et al, 2018;Jácome-Paz et al, 2019). According to Padrón et al (2003), high surface concentrations of 222 Rn and 220 Rn (Thoron) allow for the identification of high-permeability zones and the prediction of flow rates in the same region; thoron, in particular, is associated with high velocity flows due to its short half-life of 5.56 s (Durridge, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffuse gases in soil of Araró-Simirao geothermal system, Michoacán, Mexico

Pérez‐Martínez

Villanueva-Estrada²,

Rodríguez-Díaz³

et al. 2021

andgeo

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The Araró-Simirao geothermal system is in the southeast part of the Cuitzeo Lake depression. Physiographically, it is located in the eastern portion of the central part of the TransMexican Volcanic Belt province (TMVB). It is a convective hydrothermal system of dominant liquid, with chlorinated sodium waters and high boron content. The principal gas emitted by the thermal springs is CO2 and, in lower concentrations, H2S, H2 and noble gases (He, Ne, Ar). The aim of this study was to delimit fluid ascent areas in the geothermal system by determining the relationships between diffuse gas emission concentrations in soils and the greatest permeability plausible zones (principal faults). Three sampling campaigns were carried out during 2018 (August and November) and 2019 (May), in which diffuse gas emission measurements (CO2, Rn and mercury vapors) across the soils and soil temperature measurements were carried out. For a sampling campaign, the CO2 flux ranged between 4.38 and 94.61 g m-2 d-1 and the gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentration ranged between 0.5 and 365 ng/m3. For the other sampling campaign, the CO2 flux ranged between 0.8 and 1,421 g m-2 d-1 and the GEM values ranged between 0.49 and 2,914ng/m3. In the last sampling campaign the222Rn and 220Rn were also measured, and these values oscillated between 1,060 and 124,100 Bq/m3 and from 0 to 7,511 Bq7m3, respectively. Several anomalous zones of CO2 fluxes, GEM and 222Rn concentrations were found, which match the greatest permeability zones (faults and lineaments). The zone with the highest values in these three parameters is located in the so-called «mud pool», at the crossing of the Araró-Simirao fault with a lineament NW-SE (south zone), which is associated with the upflow zone of the system. Other anomalous zones were also located in the fracture and/or lineaments zones in the central and north parts of the system, which are associated with the outflow zone. According to the data obtained, CO2 could be functioning as a carrier of Hg and 222Rn in the area of vertical rise of gases and, in the outflow zone this gas may be found dissolved in the groundwater.

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Section: Relationships Between Diffuse Gas Emission Concentrations In...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse gases in soil of Araró-Simirao geothermal system, Michoacán, Mexico

Pérez‐Martínez

Villanueva-Estrada²,

Rodríguez-Díaz³

et al. 2021

andgeo

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“…represents the preferred tool to total flux calculus because spatial variability of measurements is preserved (Goovaerts, 2001) and is the most used technique to calculate the total flux on soils (e.g. Cardellini et al, 2003;Inguaggiato et al, 2013;Jácome-Paz et al, 2019). As a comparison with other total fluxes, total mean flux (ΤϕCO 2 ( x ) ) and total median flux (ΤϕCO 2 (Median) ) were calculated by multiply the total area for mean and median values, respectively, of dataset.…”

Section: ϕCo 2 Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurements of diffuse fluxes of CO 2 and CH 4 from soils and lakes in volcanic-hydrothermal systems are useful application to: (i) evaluate the budget of gases from different sources (total fluxes), (ii) monitor volcanic activity, (iii) understand the geological structure settings at local scale and (iv) estimate the energy released from the system (e.g. Allard et al, 1991;Giammanco et al, 1998;Chiodini et al, 2001;Hernández et al 2001;Notsu et al, 2005;Mazot and Taran, 2009;Granieri et al, 2010;Burton et al, 2013;Italiano et al, 2014;Inguaggiato et al, 2012aInguaggiato et al, , 2012bInguaggiato et al, , 2013Inguaggiato et al, 2017aInguaggiato et al, , 2017bJácome-Paz et al, 2019;Peiffer et al, 2018). Among all these studies there are specific efforts to quantify the total global CO 2 released by subaerial volcanism, presenting the first global values of CO 2 flux from 79 to 65 Mt y −1 (Gerlach and Graber, 1985;Williams et al, 1992) to the last calculus of 300, 540 Mt y −1 of CO 2 flux (Mörner and Etiope, 2002;Burton et al, 2013;Fisher, 2019 in that order).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total CO2 output and carbon origin discharged from Rincón de Parangueo Maar (México)

Paz

Inguaggiato

Levresse

et al. 2020

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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A geochemical survey was carried out (May 2016) in the Rincón de Parangueo maar in Valle de Santiago, México. The challenge was to measure CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes discharged from soil and to investigate the chemical and isotopic compositions of interstitial soil gases and remaining vents at the bottom of maars system subjected to critical and high rate drawdown aquifer. Total CO 2 flux calculated by sequential Gaussian simulation is 10.6 ton d −1 (± 2.1 ton d −1) over the entire crater maar area. Two degassing groups were recognized: Group A (background degassing) with values lower than 10 g m −2 d −1 (40% of the total measurements) and Group B with values ranging between 10 and 347.1 g m −2 d −1 (60% of the total amount of measurements). CH 4 flux ranges from 2.1 to 1577 g m −2 d −1. CH 4 /CO 2 flux mean ratio is~20.51 while CH 4 /CO 2 concentration ratios are 78 and 119 for bubbling gases and 8.4 for interstitial gases. The δ 13 C-CH 4 values are~65 per mil vs V-PDB indicating a biogenic origin of methane in bubbling and interstitial gases. The δ 13 C-CO 2 values, ranging from −10.6 to −27.6 and −1.9 per mil vs V-PDB for bubbling gases and the interstitial gases, respectively, suggest secondary CO 2 consumption within the soil.

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“…These rifts are associated with Plio-Quaternary alkaline and peralka-line volcanics, typical of continental rifting processes (Allan et al, 1991). An interesting feature in the west-central part of southern Mexico, is the Orozco Fracture Zone (OFZ) that is subducted below the Tzitzio Gap (Blatter and Hammersly, 2010), where some hydrothermal systems have been recently reported (Jácome-Paz et al, 2018). In addition to the extensional tectonics in the Gulf of California and subduction in southwestern Mexico, intraplate-type volcanism, often associated with normal faulting (late Oligocene-Quaternary), is widespread in the northern and central parts of Mexico (Aranda-Gómez et al, 2005) and to the east in the Gulf of Mexico coast (Ferrari et al, 2005).…”

Section: Tectonic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat flow map and geothermal resources in Mexico

Prol‐Ledesma

Cruz

Torres-Vera

et al. 2018

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Heat flow maps are a powerful tool for regional exploration of geothermal resources. Mexico is one of the main producers ofgeothermal energy and the search for undiscovered resources at a regional level should be based on heat flow values. Here, we present a heat flow map at 1:4,000,000 scale, produced with heat flow data compiled from open data bases and previously unpub-lished data. The compiled heat flow data includes bottom hole temperature, temperature logs, transient temperature measurements and measured temperature logs. The new data were calculated from temperature gradient information and estimating a mean con-ductivity value characteristic for the type of rock present in the stratigraphic column or assigning the mean conductivity value for the crust. Geothermal gradient and the thermal resistivity (inverse thermal conductivity) were plotted and heat flow was calculatedusing the Bullard method. The map covers the whole continental territory of Mexico and shows that most of the country has valueshigher than the world average. The highest heat flow values are concentrated in two provinces: the Gulf of California extensionalprovince and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt.

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Two new geothermal prospects in the Mexican Volcanic Belt: La Escalera and Agua Caliente – Tzitzio geothermal springs, Michoacán, México

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Diffuse gases in soil of Araró-Simirao geothermal system, Michoacán, Mexico

Diffuse gases in soil of Araró-Simirao geothermal system, Michoacán, Mexico

Total CO2 output and carbon origin discharged from Rincón de Parangueo Maar (México)

Heat flow map and geothermal resources in Mexico

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