Two New C₁₈‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum leucostomum Worosch.

Abstract

Two new lappaconitine-type C 18 -diterpenoid alkaloids, named as leucostosines C (1) and D (2), together with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic analyses, including IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectra and X-ray experiments. Leucostosine C is the first diterpenoid alkaloid bearing the 7-amino group. The isolated compounds were tested for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect and neuroprotective activity, none of them showed significant activities.

Exploring the Biomedical Potential of Terpenoid Alkaloids: Sources, Structures, and Activities

“…Additionally, five new DAs were obtained from microorganisms and marine animals. (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43) Without C18 in the structure, these alkaloids predominantly feature a 4-OH or ester substitution, with a few compounds having 3,4-epoxy substitution. According to the presence or absence of oxygen-containing groups at C7, they are classified into lappaconitines and ranaconitines [32].…”

“…According to the presence or absence of oxygen-containing groups at C7, they are classified into lappaconitines and ranaconitines [32]. Eleven C18-DAs (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43) are described in this subsection. Plant sources are shown in Table 3.…”

“…Detailed chemical structures are shown in Figure 3. Compounds 33-37 are identified as lappaconine-type alkaloids, with four originating from Aconitum and only Naviconine (33) derived from Delphinium [34][35][36]. Amino groups are generally uncommon in DAs, whereas Leucostosine C (35) is the first naturally occurring DA to feature an amino group attached at C-7 [36].…”