Two-mode surface plasmon lasing in hexagonal arrays

Tenner, Vasco T.; Dood, M. J. A. de; Exter, M. P. van

doi:10.1364/ol.43.000166

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Plasmonic nanohole and nanoparticle arrays combined with organic and inorganic gain materials are emerging as a versatile platform for room-temperature, ultrafast lasing [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and Bose-Einstein condensation [2,33]. These works, however, focus on lasing action or condensation at the Γ -point, that is, at the center of the Brillouin zone of systems with a Bravais lattice that is rectangular/square [18-22, 24-27, 29], hexagonal [30,32] or one-dimensional [28] (ref. [31] studies lasing action in the X -point of a square lattice).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lasing at K Points of a Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattice

et al. 2019

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We study lasing at the high-symmetry points of the Brillouin zone in a honeycomb plasmonic lattice. We use symmetry arguments to define singlet and doublet modes at the K -points of the reciprocal space. We experimentally demonstrate lasing at the K -points that is based on plasmonic lattice modes and two-dimensional feedback. By comparing polarization properties to T -matrix simulations, we identify the lasing mode as one of the singlets with an energy minimum at the Kpoint enabling feedback. Our results offer prospects for studies of topological lasing in radiatively coupled systems.

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confidence: 99%

Lasing at K Points of a Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattice

et al. 2019

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“…The light absorption and emission efficiency of a material depend on the electromagnetic local density of states (EMLDOS), which can be effectively deformed from that in a uniform bulk by designing surface fine structures. Therefore, knowledge about the surface-shape dependency of EMLDOS is important to develop high speed and efficient nanophotonic devices. − Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and cathodoluminescence (CL), performed by using a nanometer electron probe, are powerful tools to visualize modal shapes. Analyses of the electromagnetic modes by using both electron beam spectroscopies have been mostly applied for localized surface plasmons excited on isolated metal nanostructures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Nonradiative Bloch Modes in a Plasmonic Triangular Lattice by Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

Yoshimoto¹,

Saito²,

Hata³

et al. 2018

ACS Photonics

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Electron beam spectroscopy has recently attracted much attention in the modal analysis of nanophotonic and plasmonic systems. In principle, electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) provides information about the electromagnetic local density of states of all sorts of electromagnetic modes as well as nonradiative modes. However, there have not been many examples related to the EELS analyses for electromagnetic Bloch modes. Herein, EELS measurements are performed for the characterization of nonradiative band-edge modes facing the first bandgap in a plasmonic crystal with a triangular lattice, which is well-known for its full bandgap formation. The obtained spectrum images clearly determine the characteristics of the lower and upper band-edge modes, compared with an analytical model based on group theory and a numerical simulation by the finite-difference time-domain method. The EELS spectra also reveal differences in the plasmonic density of states between the lower and upper band-edges, which provides information about the band deformation near the bandgap.

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“…Besides the above‐mentioned systems, many other configurations for plasmonic lasers have been demonstrated using cavity modes from surface lattice plasmon mode in metal nanoparticles array, Tamm SPP mode, long‐range SPP mode, random mode to other diverse modes . Also, by operating at NIR region with relatively low metal losses, metal‐cladded 3D‐confined subdiffraction‐limit plasmonic nanolasers have been demonstrated, in which the cladding metals support TM cavity modes and behave more like perfect reflecting mirrors .…”

Section: Experimental Demonstrations Of the Plasmonic Nanolasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

Gao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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and techniques have been proposed and/ or developed. Here we focus on a newly emerging area-plasmonic nanolaser that pursuing extremely smaller cavity size in one or more dimensions, and consequently extreme lasing conditions, by using a plasmonic cavity with feature size possibly far below the diffraction limit of light.The miniaturization of a laser can be traced back to the early age of the laser, when compact semiconductor structures were introduced. In particular, the introduction of semiconductors as the gain media in 1962, [11,12] followed by a series of elaborately engineered structures from heterostructure, [13] quantum well, [14] vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), [15,16] microdisk, [17][18][19] photonic crystal, [20][21][22] quantum dot [23,24] to nanowire (NW) [25][26][27] have made great success in shrinking a laser from bulk scale to wavelength level using reduced cavity sizes. [28] For example, to date, typical commercial edgeemitting quantum well laser diodes have dimensions of several micrometers in width and hundreds of micrometers in length, and a single quantum dot can lase in a photonic crystal cavity with overall dimension of merely 0.7(λ/n) 3 , where λ is the vacuum wavelength and n the refractive index of the dielectric. [29] With optimized geometry and material for cavity design, lower structural dimension is expected. However, in a dielectric cavity with limited refractive index n, the cavity size is intrinsically restricted by optical diffraction limit that sets an ultimate limit λ/2n for both cavity length and mode size in all three dimensions.An effective step to shrink a cavity beyond the diffraction limit is converting light into surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nanostructuralized metals, which is a kind of collective oscillation of quasi free electrons on the interface of a metal and a dielectric. [30] While SPP is featured with ultrahigh optical confinement and ultrafast relaxation process as shown in Figure 1a, [31] it is inevitably accompanied by ultrahigh energy dissipation (i.e., Ohmic loss), leading to a mutual balance between the mode size and the optical loss in either a nanowaveguide or a nanocavity as shown in Figure 1b. [32] For example, the transverse mode area of SPP mode on an Ag nanowire with diameter of 100 nm can be as small as 0.01 µm 2 but also exhibits a propagation loss larger than 200 dB mm −1 . Despite of the high loss coefficient of plasmonic resonance at optical frequency, a properly designed nanoplasmonic cavity coupled with a gain medium is possible to lase with miniature cavity length.Owing to their ultrahigh optical confinement, plasmonic nanolasers with cavity sizes beyond the diffraction limit of light, are attracting increasing attention for pursuing extreme lasing conditions on nanoscale including ultracompact cavity mode, ultrafast lasing modulation, significantly enhanced light-matter interaction, and Purcell effect. In this review, the recent progress on plasmonic nanolasers from both theoretical and experimental aspects is intro...

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Two-mode surface plasmon lasing in hexagonal arrays

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Lasing at K Points of a Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattice

Lasing at K Points of a Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattice

Characterization of Nonradiative Bloch Modes in a Plasmonic Triangular Lattice by Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

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