Two-Measurement Tomography of High-Dimensional Orbital Angular Momentum Entanglement

Li, Yang; Huang, Shuang-Yin; Wang, Min; Tu, Chenghou; Wang, Xi-Lin; Li, Yongnan; Wang, Hui-Tian

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.130.050805

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The advancement of information technology has led to the widespread adoption of SAM and OAM in high‐capacity optical communication and information storage. [ 16–21 ] Technology for generating and detecting SAM of a photon is well‐developed and can be implemented using conventional optical components. [ 22 ] In contrast, the OAM beam generation is a complex process that necessitates the utilization of a spiral phase plate, [ 23 ] liquid crystal q‐plate, [ 24–26 ] diffractive optical element, [ 27,28 ] or spatial light modulators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic Spiral Metalens for Ultrahigh‐Capacity and Single‐Shot Sorting of Full Angular Momentum State

Li,

Chen,

Guo

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Sorting orbital angular momentum (OAM) and spin angular momentum (SAM) of photons is crucial for optical communications, optical storage, and quantum information processing, wherein complicated optical setups or bulky devices are conventionally utilized to determine the angular momentum via repetitive interference or diffractive projection measurements. Recently, advancements in compact and single‐shot OAM detection have been made via coordinate transformation metasurfaces. Nevertheless, most of these strategies require precise separation and alignment between multiple components and cannot simultaneously distinguish full angular momentum states. Besides, the single‐shot maximum identifiable OAM mode numbers are generally limited to 60 due to the tradeoff between the mode space and reduced‐cross‐talk mode interval. Here, this work puts forward and experimentally demonstrates a monolithic spiral metalens (SML) for ultrahigh‐capacity sorting full angular momentum states. The SML focus the incident vortex beam into multiple‐turn spiral ring rather than a circle ring on the focal plane according to its topological charge, with the mode order ranging from −250 to 250. Consequently, the maximum identifiable OAM mode number is up to 168 under a single‐shot measurement, which largely surpass the best results reported hitherto. The experimental results obtained in the telecom band underpin the design approach, which may find great potential in high‐capacity communication and storage applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic Spiral Metalens for Ultrahigh‐Capacity and Single‐Shot Sorting of Full Angular Momentum State

Li,

Chen,

Guo

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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“…[17,18] It is crucial to have a quantifier of the dimensionality of entanglement as measured in an experiment. [19][20][21][22] While the characterization of entanglement can typically be implemented by using quantum state tomography, [23,24] a concise yet efficient method for quantifying the dimensionality of frequency entanglement is still a formidable challenge, owing to both the difficulty of performing required superposition measurements in the frequency domain, [25] as well as the general challenges associated with performing full quantum state tomography in a large state space. In classical information theory, the number of independent communication channels of a signal is known as the Shannon number in the spirit of Shannon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Quantifier of High‐Dimensional Frequency Entanglement through Hong–Ou–Mandel Interference

et al. 2023

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High-dimensional frequency entanglement is an enabling resource in quantum technology due to its high information capacity and error resilience.A concise yet efficient method for precisely quantifying its dimensionality remains an open challenge, owing to the difficulties for performing required superposition measurements in energy-time domains, and the complexity associated with full quantum state tomography that scales unfavorably with dimensions. With the assistance of Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment that performs a Fourier transform between the entangled photons in terms of joint spectral intensities and the quantum interference in terms of biphoton temporal coincidences, the concept of Shannon dimensionality as a fast quantifier of bipartite continuous frequency entanglement is unlocked. This quantitative technique reveals the complete distribution of frequency entanglement but without suffering from any limitation of modal capacity of the detection geometry. These results may significantly facilitate the use of quantum interference for characterizing the high-dimensional entanglement nature by avoiding some stringent conditions.

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“…[28] Due to this nature, OAM has been utilized to realize multiplexing for boosting data transmission capacity in communication system [44][45][46] and to generate high-dimensional entanglement in discrete variable regime. [47][48][49][50][51][52] Meanwhile, OAM modes have also been applied to continuous variable (CV) regime, such as the intensity-difference squeezing with low-order OAM mode, [53] bipartite entanglement, [54] quantum imaging with low-order OAM mode, [55] hyperentanglement in polarization and OAM modes, [56,57] quantum Hilbert hotel, [58] enhancement of the angular rotation measurement sensitivity, [59] and OAM manipulations. [60] Moreover, OAM multiplexed CV entanglement [61][62][63] has been experimentally implemented based on double-Λ configuration four-wave mixing (FWM) process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entanglement of Six Orbital Angular Momentum Modes with Reconfigurable Topological Charges

Zhang

Lou

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Entanglement is one of the most essential resources for quantum information. In addition to increasing the scale of entanglement, improving its flexibility is also of vital importance for its practical applications. In this article, a continuous‐variable (CV) entanglement of six orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes whose topological charges can be flexibly reconfigured is experimentally generated. In particular, six sets of CV hexapartite entanglement of OAM modes are obtained with their topological charges reconfigurable. The scheme enables the redistribution of the entangled OAM modes among the quantum channels, which provides a flexible platform to construct reconfigurable quantum communication networks in the CV regime.

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Two-Measurement Tomography of High-Dimensional Orbital Angular Momentum Entanglement

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Monolithic Spiral Metalens for Ultrahigh‐Capacity and Single‐Shot Sorting of Full Angular Momentum State

Monolithic Spiral Metalens for Ultrahigh‐Capacity and Single‐Shot Sorting of Full Angular Momentum State

Fast Quantifier of High‐Dimensional Frequency Entanglement through Hong–Ou–Mandel Interference

Entanglement of Six Orbital Angular Momentum Modes with Reconfigurable Topological Charges

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