Two low-lying coastal grassland species differ in mechanistic response to saline flooding stress

Kirschner, Audrey; Zinnert, Julie C.

doi:10.1007/s11258-020-01026-z

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the absence of sexual reproduction generating new allelic diversity, species can acclimate to suboptimal conditions through phenotypic plasticity or altered gene expression. Spartina patens has exceptional phenotypic plasticity in response to different abiotic conditions (Castillo et al, 2017; Kirschner and Zinnert, 2020). When we moved S. patens plants from the open marsh to the shaded forest understory, we observed that it significantly altered its phenotype and resource allocation within a single growing season (Kottler and Gedan, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual reproduction is light‐limited as marsh grasses colonize maritime forest

Kottler

Gedan

2022

American J of Botany

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Climate change is driving abiotic shifts that can threaten the conservation of foundation species and the habitats they support. Directional range shifting is one mechanism of escape, but requires the successful colonization of habitats where interspecific interactions may differ from those to which a species has adapted. For plants with multiple reproductive strategies, these range-edge interactions may alter the investment or allocation toward a given reproductive strategy. In this study, we quantified sexual reproduction of the clonal marsh grass Spartina patens across an inland colonization front into maritime forest being driven by sea-level rise. We find that flowering is variable across S. patens meadows, but consistently reduced in low light conditions like those of the forest understory. Observational surveys of S. patens flowering at four sites in the Delmarva Peninsula agreed with the results of two experimental manipulations of light availability (shading experiment in S. patensdominated marsh and a forest dieback manipulation). These three approaches pinpointed light limitation as a principal control on S. patens flowering capacity, suggesting that light competition with taller upland species can suppress S. patens flowering along its upland migration front. Consequently, all propagation in shaded conditions must occur clonally or via seeds from the marsh, a reproductive restriction that could limit the potential for local adaptation and reduce genetic diversity. Future research is needed to determine whether the lack of flowering is the result of a tradeoff between sexual and clonal reproduction or results from insufficient photosynthetic products needed to achieve either reproductive method.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual reproduction is light‐limited as marsh grasses colonize maritime forest

Kottler

Gedan

2022

American J of Botany

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“…Rashpanjor, a salt-tolerant cultivar with a higher degree of constitutive aerenchyma than the sensitive cultivar Varshadhan, exhibited lower Na + /K + ratios and higher ROS levels in leaf sheaths, the latter explained by less impaired NADPH activity in saline water compared to Varshadhan. This led to Halophytic plant species, highly adapted and naturally occurring in coastal sea marshes, can endure salt concentrations exceeding 200 mM NaCl and possess a range of physiological traits enabling tolerance to high ion concentrations in their environment (Janousek & Mayo, 2013;Keiffer et al, 1994;Kirschner & Zinnert, 2020;Mahall & Park, 1976). Under combined WL/NaCl stress, adventitious roots (e.g.…”

Section: Flooding Stress Signalling and Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Halophytic plant species, highly adapted and naturally occurring in coastal sea marshes, can endure salt concentrations exceeding 200 m m NaCl and possess a range of physiological traits enabling tolerance to high ion concentrations in their environment (Janousek & Mayo, 2013; Keiffer et al., 1994; Kirschner & Zinnert, 2020; Mahall & Park, 1976). Under combined WL/NaCl stress, adventitious roots (e.g.…”

Section: Flooding Stress In Combination With Other Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in annual Salicornia species) have beneficial functions in wetland halophytes to maintain transport processes under salt stress by improving O 2 movement in roots or, in case of shallow rooting, by remaining in aerobic areas close to the soil surface. Thus, breakdown of the energy metabolism upon O 2 deficiency is avoided (Colmer & Flowers, 2008; Kirschner & Zinnert, 2020; Mahall & Park, 1976; Pearson & Havill, 1988). Though ion homeostasis regulation of halophytes under salt stress combined with full submergence is currently a rather unexplored field, it is assumed that externally present ions may be taken up directly by shoot tissue during submergence, or, alternatively, ion leaching into the environment rather reduces shoot‐internal ion loads (Colmer & Flowers, 2008).…”

Section: Flooding Stress In Combination With Other Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Against all floods’: plant adaptation to flooding stress and combined abiotic stresses

Renziehausen,

Frings,

Schmidt‐Schippers

2024

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYCurrent climate change brings with it a higher frequency of environmental stresses, which occur in combination rather than individually leading to massive crop losses worldwide. In addition to, for example, drought stress (low water availability), also flooding (excessive water) can threaten the plant, causing, among others, an energy crisis due to hypoxia, which is responded to by extensive transcriptional, metabolic and growth‐related adaptations. While signalling during flooding is relatively well understood, at least in model plants, the molecular mechanisms of combinatorial flooding stress responses, for example, flooding simultaneously with salinity, temperature stress and heavy metal stress or sequentially with drought stress, remain elusive. This represents a significant gap in knowledge due to the fact that dually stressed plants often show unique responses at multiple levels not observed under single stress. In this review, we (i) consider possible effects of stress combinations from a theoretical point of view, (ii) summarize the current state of knowledge on signal transduction under single flooding stress, (iii) describe plant adaptation responses to flooding stress combined with four other abiotic stresses and (iv) propose molecular components of combinatorial flooding (hypoxia) stress adaptation based on their reported dual roles in multiple stresses. This way, more future emphasis may be placed on deciphering molecular mechanisms of combinatorial flooding stress adaptation, thereby potentially stimulating development of molecular tools to improve plant resilience towards multi‐stress scenarios.

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“…While some plants can adapt well to salinity stress with specialized salt excretion and resource allocation mechanism [73,74], most freshwater plant species are negatively affected by such changes. Even though saltwater can serve as a subsidy for phosphorus availability in karstic P-limited wetlands, its long-term impacts are also negative in these ecosystems, especially when it comes to belowground peat soil structure and plant root tissues [75].…”

Section: Trends In Plant Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%