We compute the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to the thrust distribution in electron-positron annihilation. The corrections turn out to be sizable, enhancing the previously known next-to-leading order prediction by about 15%. Inclusion of the NNLO corrections significantly reduces the theoretical renormalisation scale uncertainty on the prediction of the thrust distribution.PACS numbers: 12.38. Bx, 13.66.Bc, 13.66.Jn, Three-jet production cross sections and related event shape distributions in e + e − annihilation processes are classical hadronic observables which can be measured very accurately and provide an ideal proving ground for testing our understanding of strong interactions. The deviation from simple two-jet configurations is proportional to the strong coupling constant, so that by comparing the measured three-jet rate and related event shapes with the theoretical predictions, one can determine the strong coupling constant α s .The theoretical prediction is made within perturbative QCD, expanded to a finite order in the coupling constant. This truncation of the perturbative series induces a theoretical uncertainty from omitting higher order terms. It can be quantified by the renormalisation scale dependence of the prediction, which is vanishing for an all-order prediction. The residual dependence on variations of the renormalisation scale is therefore an estimate of the theoretical error.So far the three-jet rate and related event shapes have been calculated [1,2] up to the next-to-leading order (NLO), improved by a resummation of leading and subleading infrared logarithms [3,4] and by the inclusion of power corrections [5].QCD studies of event shape observables at LEP [6] are based around the use of NLO parton-level event generator programs [7]. It turns out that the current error on α s from these observables [8] is dominated by the theoretical uncertainty. Clearly, to improve the determination of α s , the calculation of the NNLO corrections to these observables becomes mandatory. We present here the first NNLO calculation of the thrust distribution, which is an event shape related to three-jet production.The thrust variable for a hadronic final state in e + e − annihilation is defined as [9]