Two Isoforms of Geobacter sulfurreducens PilA Have Distinct Roles in Pilus Biogenesis, Cytochrome Localization, Extracellular Electron Transfer, and Biofilm Formation

Richter, Lubna V.; Sandler, Steven J.; Weis, Robert M.

doi:10.1128/jb.06366-11

Cited by 86 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The sequence and length of this leader peptide have been traditionally used to classify bacterial pilins in the T4a and T4b classes (Giltner et al ., 2012). At the sequence level, the GS leader peptide has the conserved features of T4a pilins, including a conserved recognition site for its cleavage by a dedicated, membrane‐bound peptidase (PilD) (Richter et al ., 2012) (Fig. 2).…”

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Genetic studies in the model representative Geobacter sulfurreducens (GS) have provided insights into how the cells assemble the GS pilin into a conductive fibre. However, little is known about how respiratory electrons are discharged through the T4P, partly because mutations that inactivate key electron carriers of the cell envelope, whether the T4P or c‐Cyts, are often pleiotropic (Kim et al ., 2005, 2006; Kim and Lovley, 2008; Cologgi et al ., 2011; Richter et al ., 2012; Steidl et al ., 2016). As a result, compensatory effects are often observed that can mask the true phenotype of the mutants.…”

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies highlight how tightly integrated are the T4P in the respiratory machinery of the cell envelope, where c‐Cyts are the most abundant electron carriers. A few inactivating T4P mutations have been reported, however, which do not affect the expression of c‐Cyts (Richter et al ., 2012; Speers et al ., 2016; Steidl et al ., 2016). These studies are particularly important to understand the role of the conductive T4P as electronic conduits between the cell and extracellular electron acceptors.…”

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peptide is synthesized as a precursor (prepilin) carrying a leader peptide (Richter et al ., 2012). The sequence and length of this leader peptide have been traditionally used to classify bacterial pilins in the T4a and T4b classes (Giltner et al ., 2012).…”

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leader peptides of T4a pilins also tend to be shorter (6–7 residues long) than those carried by T4b pilins (15 to 30 residues) (Giltner et al ., 2012). However, transcriptional and biochemical studies (Juarez et al ., 2009; Richter et al ., 2012) suggest that the GS prepilin is synthesized as two isoforms carrying a short (10 amino acids) and long (29 amino acids) leader peptide. Both isoforms are recognized and cleaved at the inner membrane by the PilD peptidase.…”

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harnessing the power of microbial nanowires

Reguera

2018

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryThe reduction of iron oxide minerals and uranium in model metal reducers in the genus Geobacter is mediated by conductive pili composed primarily of a structurally divergent pilin peptide that is otherwise recognized, processed and assembled in the inner membrane by a conserved Type IVa pilus apparatus. Electronic coupling among the peptides is promoted upon assembly, allowing the discharge of respiratory electrons at rates that greatly exceed the rates of cellular respiration. Harnessing the unique properties of these conductive appendages and their peptide building blocks in metal bioremediation will require understanding of how the pilins assemble to form a protein nanowire with specialized sites for metal immobilization. Also important are insights into how cells assemble the pili to make an electroactive matrix and grow on electrodes as biofilms that harvest electrical currents from the oxidation of waste organic substrates. Genetic engineering shows promise to modulate the properties of the peptide building blocks, protein nanowires and current‐harvesting biofilms for various applications. This minireview discusses what is known about the pilus material properties and reactions they catalyse and how this information can be harnessed in nanotechnology, bioremediation and bioenergy applications.

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Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Nanowire Pathway For Metal Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Harnessing the power of microbial nanowires

Reguera

2018

Microbial Biotechnology

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Elektronentransfer in Peptiden: Bildung von Silbernanopartikeln

Kracht¹,

Messerer²,

Lang³

et al. 2015

Angewandte Chemie

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Einige Mikroorganismen zeigen anaerobe mineralische Respiration, bei der sie Metallionen zu Metallnanopartikeln reduzieren. Hierbei werden Peptide als Medium für den Elektronentransfer (ET) verwendet. Diese Reaktionsklasse wird anhand eines Modellpeptids und Silber als Metall diskutiert. Erstaunlicherweise können Silberionen, die von Peptiden mit Histidin als silberbindender Aminosäure und Tyrosin als photoinduziertem Elektronendonor gebunden sind, nicht unter ET‐Bedingungen zu Ag‐Nanopartikeln (AgNPs) reduziert werden, weil das Peptid die Aggregation von Ag‐Atomen zu AgNPs verhindert. Nur in Gegenwart von Chloridionen, die zur Bildung von AgCl‐Mikrokristallen führen, entstehen AgNPs. Diese Reaktion beginnt mit der Bildung von 100 nm großen Ag@AgCl‐Peptid‐Nanokompositen, die dann in 15 nm große AgNPs aufgebrochen werden. Diese kontrollierte Umwandlung von großen in kleinere Nanopartikeln kann detailliert in zeitaufgelösten UV/Vis‐Spektren untersucht werden.

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Electron Transfer in Peptides: On the Formation of Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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Some microorganisms perform anaerobic mineral respiration by reducing metal ions to metal nanoparticles, using peptide aggregates as medium for electron transfer (ET). Such a reaction type is investigated here with model peptides and silver as the metal. Surprisingly, Ag+ ions bound by peptides with histidine as the Ag+‐binding amino acid and tyrosine as photoinducible electron donor cannot be reduced to Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) under ET conditions because the peptide prevents the aggregation of Ag atoms to form AgNPs. Only in the presence of chloride ions, which generate AgCl microcrystals in the peptide matrix, does the synthesis of AgNPs occur. The reaction starts with the formation of 100 nm Ag@AgCl/peptide nanocomposites which are cleaved into 15 nm AgNPs. This defined transformation from large nanoparticles into small ones is in contrast to the usually observed Ostwald ripening processes and can be followed in detail by studying time‐resolved UV/Vis spectra which exhibit an isosbestic point.

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Two Isoforms of Geobacter sulfurreducens PilA Have Distinct Roles in Pilus Biogenesis, Cytochrome Localization, Extracellular Electron Transfer, and Biofilm Formation

Cited by 86 publications

References 73 publications

Harnessing the power of microbial nanowires

Harnessing the power of microbial nanowires

Elektronentransfer in Peptiden: Bildung von Silbernanopartikeln

Electron Transfer in Peptides: On the Formation of Silver Nanoparticles

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