Two groups of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia: myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative. Prognostic implications in a series of a single center

Refinement of the international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) by including LDH as an additional prognostic variable to improve risk assessment in patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)

“…Both physical instability and metabolic changes may correlate with a particularly malignant phenotype. Although several investigators have suggested that LDH activity is a useful prognostic parameter in MDS using different cutpoints, 6,[14][15][16][17][18]22,23 it is for the first time that the prognostic significance of LDH was compared to that of cytogenetic findings in a large MDS database. As shown in Table 2, we found that LDH was nearly as powerful as a prognostic parameter when compared to the prognostic value of karyotyping.…”

“…In fact, a number of studies have shown that elevated LDH is associated with poor prognosis in MDS. 6,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In order to validate and possibly improve prognostication in MDS, a working party of seven Austrian and German groups who maintain MDS registries has been established recently. Using the database of this working group, cytogenetic, hematological and morphological data of a larger number of patients with MDS diagnosed in these centers, were collected and then analyzed centrally.…”

Current status of allogeneic HST for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

“…BM blasts, peripheral monocytosis, lymphocytosis and anemia are the covariates that are most associated with overall survival. [3][4][5] On the basis of the data of 339 patients with CMML, the Du¨sseldorf group showed that the prognosis of the two CMML subtypes as proposed by the WHO classification for MDS is different in terms of both survival and AML evolution. The median survival of patients with CMML-1 was 20 months, compared with 15 months for patients with CMML-2.…”

Gene expression profiling separates chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in two molecular subtypes

“…The two groups have been variably associated with prognosis, and their distinction is a matter of debate. [2][3][4][5][6][7] This reflects that, except in a few imatinib-sensitive cases with PDGFRB alterations, the pathogenesis of CMML is poorly understood. Consequently, the definition and therapy of CMML remain unsatisfactory.…”