Two-generation marker-aided backcrossing for rapid conversion of normal maize lines to quality protein maize (QPM)

Babu, Raman; Nair, Sudha; Kumar, Ashok; Venkatesh, S; Sekhar, J. C.; Singh, Naveen; Srinivasan, G.; Gupta, H. S.

doi:10.1007/s00122-005-0011-6

Cited by 117 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Among these phi 057 and Umc 1066 are reported to be co-dominant while phi 112 is a dominant marker (Magulama & Sales 2009). Allelic polymorphism among QPM and normal maize inbreds was surveyed by several workers (Babu et al 2005, Jompuk et al 2006, Magulama & Sales 2009, Gupta et al 2013) using these gene specific SSR primers and confirmed the codominant status of phi 057 and umc 1066. Phi 057 is reported to reveal a very good polymorphism with QPM donors showing a 169bp band and normal maize inbreds with a 159bp fragment (Magulama & Sales 2009).…”

Section: Genetic Basismentioning

confidence: 86%

Quality protein maize (QPM): Genetic basis and breeding perspective

Tripathy¹,

Ithape²,

Maharana³

et al. 2017

Trop. Plant Res.

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Major fraction (60%) of seed storage protein in maize is zein which determines the quality of food and feed. Zeins comprise four subfamilies e.g., α , β, γ and δ zeins. Among these, α-zeins are the major prolamin subunits in maize. α-zeins are rich in glutamine, leucine and proline but, deficient in essential amino acids like lysine and tryptophan causing malnutrition. The opaque-2 (o2)-a natural recessive mutation in maize led to nearly double the lysine and tryptophan content in endosperm due to a decrease in the synthesis of zein proteins and increase in the other seed protein bound lysine and tryptophan. RNAi studies proved down regulation of 22kD zeins than the 19kD component as the biochemical basis of QPM phenotype. However, the opaque-2 mutation made the endosperm chalky and soft resulting damaged kernel while harvesting, poor germination, increased susceptibility to pest and diseases, inferior for food processing and in general reduced yield. Later, combining opaque-2 allele with its desirable genetic modifiers made it possible to breed QPM genotypes having hard kernel with high lysine and tryptophan content. Since, opaque-2 is a recessive mutation and endosperm specific, and biochemical analysis of lysine and tryptophan content is expensive; conventional backcross breeding alone is inefficient for the nutritional enrichment of maize. However, use of opaque-2 gene specific markers provided excellent opportunities for conversion of elite normal inbreds to homozygous o2/o2 forms through marker assisted selection (MAS). In India, Vivek QPM-9: a hybrid of two QPM introgression lines is being widely used for commercial cultivation.

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Section: Genetic Basismentioning

confidence: 86%

Quality protein maize (QPM): Genetic basis and breeding perspective

Tripathy¹,

Ithape²,

Maharana³

et al. 2017

Trop. Plant Res.

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“…The o2-specific SSR marker phi057 was used to carry out marker-assisted selection for o2 (Bantte and Prasanna 2003;Babu et al 2005). SSR markers in bin 7.01 were selected based on the IBM2 2005 Neighbors genetic map on the MaizeGDB website (http://www.maizegdb.org), in order to assess the introgression of donor fragments into each background.…”

Section: Ssr and Aflp Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Kernel lysine content does not increase in some maize opaque2 mutants

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2011

Planta

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The recessive mutant allele of the opaque2 gene (o2) alters the endosperm protein pattern and increases the kernel lysine content of maize (Zea mays L.). In this study, sequencing results showed that the o2 mutant was successfully introgressed into 12 elite normal maize inbred lines by marker assisted selection (MAS). The average genetic similarity between these normal inbred lines and their o2 near-isogenic lines (NILs) was more than 95%. Kernel lysine content increased significantly in most of o2 NILs lines relative to normal elite inbreds, but remained unchanged in the genetic backgrounds Dan598o2 and Liao2345o2. Moreover, the kernel characteristics of these two o2 NILs did not differ from the other inbred lines. The results of lysine content analysis in the F1 hybrids between Liao2345o2 and Dan598o2 and other o2 NILs demonstrated that gene(s) other than opaque2 may control kernel lysine content in these two o2 NILs. The results of zein analysis showed that 22-kD α-zein synthesis was reduced or absent, and the 19-kD α-zein synthesis was greatly reduced compared with the recurrent parents in most o2 NILs except for Dan598o2 and Liao2345o2. Our results indicate that gene(s) other than opaque2 may play more important roles in zein synthesis and kernel lysine content in some maize genetic backgrounds.

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“…A SAMM, na conversão de linhagens, já foi associada a ganhos fenotípicos, quando a seleção é aplicada em linhagens per se (Badu et al, 2005). As condições de genotipagem e fenotipagem do presente trabalho abrangeram marcadores associados aos pais recorrentes, mas não associados a QTLs para produtividade de grãos ou à avaliação das famílias RC 1 F 2 em cruzamentos com testadores.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Pré-melhoramento de milho quanto à resistência a enfezamentos

Teixeira

Costa

Sábato

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar famílias de milho derivadas do retrocruzamento entre o composto "NAP Corn Stunt" (genitor doador) e linhagens-elite (genitores recorrentes), quanto à produtividade de grãos e à resistência a enfezamentos, e avaliar a eficiência do emprego de marcadores moleculares para avaliação fenotípica na seleção de genótipos com alta produtividade de grãos. Foram avaliados 100 genótipos, em cinco condições ambientais, na safra agrícola 2009/2010. Foram selecionadas famílias RC 1 F 2 , que aliam a alta produtividade dos genitores recorrentes à resistência aos enfezamentos, presente no genitor doador. As famílias selecionadas quanto ao desempenho agronômico e à resistência aos enfezamentos foram: L228-3-324-S, L228-3-237-R, L228-3-109-R, que foram indicadas para cruzamentos com linhagens do grupo heterótico duro; e L3-422-R e L3-586-R, que foram indicadas para cruzamentos com linhagens do grupo heterótico dentado. Na seleção de genótipos de alta produtividade de grãos, a seleção assistida por marcadores moleculares não é eficiente para a recuperação do genótipo do pai recorrente, em comparação à avaliação fenotípica.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, marcadores moleculares, molicutes, recursos genéticos, seleção assistida, seleção fenotípica. Maize pre-breeding for resistance to corn stuntAbstract -The objective of this work was to select maize families derived from backcrossing between the composite NAP Corn Stunt (donor parent) and inbreed lines (recurrent parents), as to grain yield and resistance to corn stunt, and to evaluate the efficiency of the use of molecular markers in the phenotypic evaluation for the selection of genotypes with high grain yield. One hundred genotypes were evaluated in five environmental conditions in the 2009/2010 crop season. We selected RC 1 F 2 families, which combine high grain yield present in the recurrent parents to resistance to corn stunt present in the donor parent. The selected maize families for agronomic performance and resistance to corn stunt were: L228-3-324-S, L228-3-237-R, L228-3-109-R, which were indicated for crosses with lines of the flint heterotic group; and L3-422-R and L3-586-R, which were indicated for crosses with lines of the dent heterotic group. For selecting genotypes with high grain yield, the molecular marker-assisted selection is not efficient for the recovery of the recurrent parent genotype, when compared to the phenotypic evaluation.

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Two-generation marker-aided backcrossing for rapid conversion of normal maize lines to quality protein maize (QPM)

Cited by 117 publications

References 25 publications

Quality protein maize (QPM): Genetic basis and breeding perspective

Quality protein maize (QPM): Genetic basis and breeding perspective

Kernel lysine content does not increase in some maize opaque2 mutants

Pré-melhoramento de milho quanto à resistência a enfezamentos

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