“Two for One”, Novel Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) Variant: Type XIII

Pellegrini, James R.; Munshi, Rezwan; Betancourt, Alejandro Alvarez; Tokhi, Billal; Makaryus, Amgad N.

doi:10.7759/cureus.14717

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Treatment strategies for dual LAD anomalies are tailored to individual patients, considering factors such as the extent of coronary involvement, associated comorbidities, and clinical presentations [5,6]. In cases of myocardial ischemia or significant stenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may be considered [7]. The choice of intervention requires careful evaluation, taking into account the anatomical characteristics and potential risks associated with each procedure [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Successful Dual LAD Disease Intervention: A Radiological Diagnostic Approach and Literature Overview

2024

Cardiol Res Cardiovasc Med

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We present the case of a 72-year-old female with acute chest pain and signs of myocardial ischemia. Cardiac catheterization revealed a bifid left anterior descending (LAD) artery, which was successfully treated with percutaneous intervention (PCI). The procedure involved crossing the lesion using Sion Black wire, followed by balloon dilatation and stent placement. Intravascular ultrasound confirmed adequate stent apposition. Post-dilation of the proximal stent edge was performed, resulting in excellent angiographic outcomes. The patient was discharged on dual antiplatelet therapy and guideline-directed medical therapy. This case highlights the successful management of a complex bifid LAD lesion using PCI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing Successful Dual LAD Disease Intervention: A Radiological Diagnostic Approach and Literature Overview

2024

Cardiol Res Cardiovasc Med

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“…From a historical perspective, dual LAD was distinctly first defined in 1983 by Spindola-Franco et al who described four different types based on the derivation and the course of the short and long LAD [ 4 ]. After the publication of this paper, thirteen variants have since been described and proposed in the literature [ 4 , 7 ]. As mentioned previously, type IV dual LAD is differentiated by the short course of the LAD arising from the left main coronary artery, giving off septal and diagonal branches prior to terminating proximally in the anterior interventricular groove.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Takes Two to Tangle: A Rare Case of Type IV Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) and Dual Ostia of the LAD and Left Circumflex (LCx) Artery

George,

Hou,

Patel

et al. 2024

Cureus

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The dual left anterior descending (LAD) artery is a rare anatomic variant of the LAD artery that refers to the duplication of the LAD into a short and long LAD. These two vessels, differentiated based on their lengths, ultimately provide blood supply to the areas normally covered by the LAD. In this case report, we describe an unusual case of a type IV dual LAD system with an additional finding of a separate origin for the short LAD and left circumflex (LCx) artery. These two findings have not been reported together in the literature previously. During diagnostic procedures like coronary angiography or when interpreting cardiac imaging, awareness of these anomalies prevents confusion with pathological conditions such as coronary artery disease or stenosis. Additionally, it is crucial for cardiologists and surgeons to identify these aberrant vessels to avoid any wrongful interventions.

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“…To date, since the initial classification by Spindola-Franco, the dual LAD variants number has increased up to 13 types. The latest subtype was identified in April 2021 by Pellegrini et al [16].…”

Section: Of 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Coronary CT Angiography in the Evaluation of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery Prevalence and Subtypes: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Maggialetti,

Greco,

Lorusso

et al. 2023

JPM

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Background: The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the prevalence and features of dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) subtypes using coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis of 2083 CCTA from December 2020 to November 2022 was conducted to search for the presence and morphological features of dual LAD. The two classifications used were the updated classification of Spindola-Franco and the Jariwala classification. Statistical tests were conducted to evaluate the prevalence of dual LADs among sexes and its association with angina in patients without significant coronary stenoses and/or associated cardiac anomalies. Results: Dual LAD was observed in 124 (5.96%) patients analyzed. According to the Spindola-Franco revisited classification, type I dual LAD was the most common (71/124, 57.26%). According to the Jariwala classification, all cases were group I. In the general population, there was a higher prevalence of dual LAD among females (7.3% females vs. 5.1% males; p value: 0.04). No statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence of angina in the dual LAD population compared to the no dual LAD population (2.1% vs. 1.5%; p value: 0.10). Conclusions: The acknowledgment and reporting of LAD duplication is helpful for an optimal management of coronary patients with this condition. Dual LAD was more frequent in the female population, mainly not related with angina. Myocardial bridge was more frequent in the dual LAD population than in the no dual LAD population.

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“Two for One”, Novel Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) Variant: Type XIII

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Reviewing Successful Dual LAD Disease Intervention: A Radiological Diagnostic Approach and Literature Overview

Reviewing Successful Dual LAD Disease Intervention: A Radiological Diagnostic Approach and Literature Overview

Takes Two to Tangle: A Rare Case of Type IV Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) and Dual Ostia of the LAD and Left Circumflex (LCx) Artery

The Role of Coronary CT Angiography in the Evaluation of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery Prevalence and Subtypes: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

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