Two enzymes of diacylglyceryl-
 O
 -4′-(
 N,N,N,
 -trimethyl)homoserine biosynthesis are encoded by
 btaA
 and
 btaB
 in the purple bacterium
 Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Klug, R.; Benning, Christoph

doi:10.1073/pnas.101037998

Cited by 69 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the related photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, DGTS head group synthesis is mediated by enzymes encoded within the btaAB operon. These enzymes are conserved among diverse ␣-Proteobacteria, including S. meliloti and A. tumefaciens (31). Inspection of the A. tumefaciens C58 sequence upstream of the operon encoding its BtaA (Atu2119) and BtaB (Atu2120) orthologues reveals a strong consensus PHO box, a putative binding site for PhoB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Limitation Enhances Biofilm Formation of the Plant Pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens through the PhoR-PhoB Regulatory System

et al. 2004

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The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens forms architecturally complex biofilms on inert surfaces. Adherence of A. tumefaciens C58 was significantly enhanced under phosphate limitation compared to phosphate-replete conditions, despite slower overall growth under low-phosphate conditions. Replacement of P i with sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and 2-aminoethylphosphonate yielded similar results. The increase in surface interactions under phosphate limitation was observed in both static culture and continuous-culture flow cells. Statistical analysis of confocal micrographs obtained from the flow cell biofilms revealed that phosphate limitation increased both the overall attached biomass and the surface coverage, whereas the maximum thickness of the biofilm was not affected. Functions encoded on the two large plasmids of A. tumefaciens C58, pTiC58 and pAtC58, were not required for the observed phosphate effect. The phosphate concentration at which increased attachment was observed triggered the phosphate limitation response, controlled in many bacteria by the two-component regulatory system PhoR-PhoB. The A. tumefaciens phoB and phoR orthologues could only be disrupted in the presence of plasmid-borne copies of the genes, suggesting that this regulatory system might be essential. Expression of the A. tumefaciens phoB gene from a tightly regulated inducible promoter, however, correlated with the amount of biofilm under both phosphate-limiting and nonlimiting conditions, demonstrating that components of the Pho regulon influence A. tumefaciens surface interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Limitation Enhances Biofilm Formation of the Plant Pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens through the PhoR-PhoB Regulatory System

et al. 2004

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“…A typical array of eukaryotic methyltransferases, about twice the number found in yeasts, are represented in the Neurospora genome. An interesting side note is that a biosynthetically rare SAM-dependent 3-amino-3-carboxypropyltransferase of the MAPEG (membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathionine metabolism) class is present and shows similarity to a Rhodobacter sphaeroides protein with no significant hits to eukaryotic proteins (Table 36) (425).…”

Section: A Nidulans Meth/d)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from the Genome Sequence ofNeurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism

Borkovich

Alex

Yarden

et al. 2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

595

618

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We present an analysis of over 1,100 of the ∼10,000 predicted proteins encoded by the genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. Seven major areas of Neurospora genomics and biology are covered. First, the basic features of the genome, including the automated assembly, gene calls, and global gene analyses are summarized. The second section covers components of the centromere and kinetochore complexes, chromatin assembly and modification, and transcription and translation initiation factors. The third area discusses genome defense mechanisms, including repeat induced point mutation, quelling and meiotic silencing, and DNA repair and recombination. In the fourth section, topics relevant to metabolism and transport include extracellular digestion; membrane transporters; aspects of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism; the mitochondrion and energy metabolism; the proteasome; and protein glycosylation, secretion, and endocytosis. Environmental sensing is the focus of the fifth section with a treatment of two-component systems; GTP-binding proteins; mitogen-activated protein, p21-activated, and germinal center kinases; calcium signaling; protein phosphatases; photobiology; circadian rhythms; and heat shock and stress responses. The sixth area of analysis is growth and development; it encompasses cell wall synthesis, proteins important for hyphal polarity, cytoskeletal components, the cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase machinery, macroconidiation, meiosis, and the sexual cycle. The seventh section covers topics relevant to animal and plant pathogenesis and human disease. The results demonstrate that a large proportion of Neurospora genes do not have homologues in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The group of unshared genes includes potential new targets for antifungals as well as loci implicated in human and plant physiology and disease

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“…Moreover, DAG is not only essential for TAG formation, but is also a substrate in the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). In Chlamydomonas, instead of PC, the betaine lipid diacylglyceryl-N,N,Ntrimethylhomoserine (DGTS) is the predominant glycerolipid building block of membranes (Klug and Benning, 2001). Therefore, the up-or downregulation of PAP activities affects the content of DAG, which also affects the content of TAG, PE, and DGTS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of phosphatidate phosphatase in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Deng

Cai

Fei

2013

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Lipid biosynthesis is essential for eukaryotic cells, but the mechanisms of the process in microalgae remain poorly understood. Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase or 3-sn-phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to form diacylglycerols and inorganic orthophosphates. This reaction is integral in the synthesis of triacylglycerols. In this study, the mRNA level of the PAP isoform CrPAP2 in a species of Chlamydomonas was found to increase in nitrogen-free conditions. Silencing of the CrPAP2 gene using RNA interference resulted in the decline of lipid content by 2.4%-17.4%. By contrast, over-expression of the CrPAP2 gene resulted in an increase in lipid content by 7.5%-21.8%. These observations indicate that regulation of the CrPAP2 gene can control the lipid content of the algal cells. In vitro CrPAP2 enzyme activity assay indicated that the cloned CrPAP2 gene exhibited biological activities.

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Two enzymes of diacylglyceryl- O -4′-( N,N,N, -trimethyl)homoserine biosynthesis are encoded by btaA and btaB in the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Cited by 69 publications

References 40 publications

Phosphorus Limitation Enhances Biofilm Formation of the Plant Pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens through the PhoR-PhoB Regulatory System

Phosphorus Limitation Enhances Biofilm Formation of the Plant Pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens through the PhoR-PhoB Regulatory System

Lessons from the Genome Sequence ofNeurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism

Involvement of phosphatidate phosphatase in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

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