Two drawings by Franz Batke in <i>Gray's Anatomy</i>

Standring, Susan

doi:10.1002/ca.22138

Cited by 46 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There is a considerable individual variation in the pattern and caliber of vessels that make up the circulus arteriosus. Although a complete circular channel almost always exists anatomically, one vessel is usually sufficiently narrowed to reduce its role as a collateral route and the circle is rarely functionally complete in individuals [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Morphometric Analysis of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Emphasizing on Its Clinical Implications

Sharma¹,

Krishna²,

Dixit³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Thorough data of morphometric measurements of arteries forming Circle of Willis (CW) is crucial for radiological and neurosurgical interventions. This systematic review has been conducted with the objective to find an effective range of length and diameter of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and to observe whether there is any change in the length and diameter of ACA depending on age or sex. Articles based on length and diameter of ACA via any mode of study like cadaveric or radiological were considered in this systematic review. A comprehensive literature search using databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus for relevant articles was done. Research papers which answered the focused questions were selected for data analysis. It was observed that the range of length and diameter of ACA were 8.1 mm-21 mm and 0.5 Å-3.4 mm, respectively. In majority of the studies, length and diameter of ACA were more in the younger age group (>40 years); and the length of ACA was more in females whereas the diameter of ACA was more in males. These data will be applicable for better construction and decipherment of angiographic images. This will help in the proper and guided treatment of intracranial pathologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Morphometric Analysis of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Emphasizing on Its Clinical Implications

Sharma¹,

Krishna²,

Dixit³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…We have a similar terminological problem when matching the rectal course in the sagittal plane to the sacrum and coccyx. Textbooks and atlases of anatomy use the terms sacral flexure and perineal flexure ( flexura anorectalis ) (Agur & Dalley, 2005; Moore & Dalley 1999; Paulsen & Waschke, 2011; Standring 2020). The sacral flexure is longer and more blunt than perineal.…”

Section: Discussion and Proposal For Simplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is suspended on the mesentery ( mesenterium ) in the abdominal cavity. There are flexures ( flexurae ) between its parts, the most important are the right (hepatic, RCF) ( flexura coli dextra, hepatica ) and left (splenic, LCF) ( flexura coli sinistra, splenica ) colic flexures (Agur & Dalley, 2005; Alazmani et al, 2016; Bourgouin et al, 2012; Coffey et al, 2014, Coffey & O'Leary, 2016; Culligan et al, 2013; Eickhof et al, 2010; FIPAT, 2019; Malas et al, 2004; Moore & Dalley 1999; Paulsen & Waschke, 2011; Standring, 2020; Wozniak et al, 2019). The LCF usually lies more cranial and dorsal than the RCL and forms a more acute angle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

2022

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There are a number of inconsistencies in the description of the bends of the colon down to the anus. This is historically based on the fact that anatomists saw the colon in its position in the abdominal cavity down to the pelvis and thus from the “outside” and also described it in this way. This view is still useful in clinical practice today (e.g. for the abdominal surgeons). For the greater part of clinicians, however, the view has shifted due to modern endoscopy. This allows examiners to see the terminal section of the intestine and the colon from the “inside”. To accommodate both “ways of looking” in terms of modern medicine, we have been guided by today's clinical needs, and here we attempt to reconcile these with the historically evolved anatomical terms to create a nomenclature that meets all the needs of students, anatomists and clinicians looking at the large intestine from the inside and outside. With this in mind, we propose to speak of colic flexures (right colic flexure = RCF = hepatic flexure, flexura coli sinistra; left colic flexure = LCF = splenic flexure, flexura coli dextra; descending‐sigmoid flexure = DSF; sigmoid‐rectum flexure = SRF) for the colon (colon). For the rectum (rectum), we suggest the term bend (superior, intermediate and inferior) when viewed in the frontal plane, the term curvature (sacral curvature; anorectal curvature = perineal curvature) when viewed in the sagittal plane.

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“…Individuals with paraplegia were subdivided into MP and LP using T9 as the demarcation point [12,34]. T9 was chosen given the increased prevalence of LMN injuries below T9/T10 [12], sympathetic innervation of the splanchnic vascular bed ends at T9/10 [16], and sympathetic innervation of the lower limb begins at T10 [17].…”

Section: Data and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sympathetic nervous system is also affected. Sympathetic innervation of the splanchnic vascular bed of the foregut is mainly derived from the greater (thoracic) splanchnic nerve at the levels of T5-T9/10 [16], while sympathetic innervation of the lower limb is derived from neurons in the lower thoracic (T10-T12) and upper lumbar (L1, L2) spinal cord segments [17]. The loss of sympathetic innervation at or below the T9/T10 spinal level to a large portion of the gut and the lower limb comprises a significant loss in the regulation of blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mid and low paraplegia on cardiorespiratory fitness and energy expenditure

Farkas

Gordon

Swartz

et al. 2020

Spinal Cord Ser Cases

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Study Design Observational, Cross-sectional. Objective Examine the influence of mid (MP) and low (LP) paraplegia on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), energy expenditure (EE), and physical activity levels (PAL), and compare these data to able-bodied (AB) individuals. Setting Academic medical center. Methods Persons with MP (n = 6, T6-T8, 83% male, age: 31 ± 11 y, BMI: 24 ± 7 kg/m 2 ) and LP (n = 5; T10-L1, 100% male, age: 39 ± 11 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m 2 ) and AB controls (n = 6; 67% male, age: 29 ± 12 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m 2 ) participated. All participants underwent 45-min of arm-crank exercise where CRF and exercise EE were measured. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was measured, and total daily EE (TDEE) and PAL were estimated.

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Two drawings by Franz Batke in Gray's Anatomy

Cited by 46 publications

References 4 publications

Systematic Review of Morphometric Analysis of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Emphasizing on Its Clinical Implications

Systematic Review of Morphometric Analysis of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Emphasizing on Its Clinical Implications

“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”

Influence of mid and low paraplegia on cardiorespiratory fitness and energy expenditure

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