Abstract:Patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibit tremendous heterogeneity in structural and functional neuroimaging aberrance. However, most previous studies just focus on group‐level aberrance of a single modality ignoring heterogeneity and multimodal features. On that account, we aimed to uncover OCD subtypes integrating structural and functional neuroimaging features with the help of a multiview learning method and examined multimodal aberrance for each subtype. Ninety‐nine first‐episode untreated … Show more
“…The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) technique, which measures brain activity under resting state using low-frequency fluctuations of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal (Biswal et al, 1995), has been extensively employed in the study of the abnormalities of neural activity in a wide range of neuropsychiatric diseases Zhou et al, 2019;Dong et al, 2021;He et al, 2021;Han et al, 2022). Regional spontaneous neural features have shown to be significant for comprehending the neuropathologic and neurophysiological condition of disease (Raichle, 2006).…”
BackgroundChronic smokers have abnormal spontaneous regional activity and disrupted functional connectivity as revealed by previous neuroimaging studies. Combining different dimensions of resting-state functional indicators may help us learn more about the neuropathological mechanisms of smoking.MethodsThe amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of 86 male smokers and 56 male non-smokers were first calculated. Brain regions that displayed significant differences in ALFF between two groups were selected as seeds for further functional connectivity analysis. Besides, we examined correlations between brain areas with abnormal activity and smoking measurements.ResultsIncreased ALFF in left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), left medial superior frontal gyrus (mSFG) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG) as well as decreased ALFF in right calcarine sulcus were observed in smokers compared with non-smokers. In the seed-based functional connectivity analysis, smokers showed attenuated functional connectivity with left SFG in left precuneus, left fusiform gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left cerebellum 4 5 and cerebellum 6 as well as lower functional connectivity with left mSGF in left fusiform gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), left calcarine sulcus, left cerebellum 4 5, cerebellum 6 and cerebellum 8 (GRF corrected, Pvoxel < 0.005, Pcluster<0.05). Furthermore, attenuated functional connectivity with left mSGF in left lingual gyrus and PHG displayed a negative correlation with FTND scores (r = −0.308, p = 0.004; r = −0.326, p = 0.002 Bonferroni corrected).ConclusionOur findings of increased ALFF in SFG with reduced functional connectivity to visual attention areas and cerebellum subregions may shed new light on the pathophysiology of smoking.
“…The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) technique, which measures brain activity under resting state using low-frequency fluctuations of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal (Biswal et al, 1995), has been extensively employed in the study of the abnormalities of neural activity in a wide range of neuropsychiatric diseases Zhou et al, 2019;Dong et al, 2021;He et al, 2021;Han et al, 2022). Regional spontaneous neural features have shown to be significant for comprehending the neuropathologic and neurophysiological condition of disease (Raichle, 2006).…”
BackgroundChronic smokers have abnormal spontaneous regional activity and disrupted functional connectivity as revealed by previous neuroimaging studies. Combining different dimensions of resting-state functional indicators may help us learn more about the neuropathological mechanisms of smoking.MethodsThe amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of 86 male smokers and 56 male non-smokers were first calculated. Brain regions that displayed significant differences in ALFF between two groups were selected as seeds for further functional connectivity analysis. Besides, we examined correlations between brain areas with abnormal activity and smoking measurements.ResultsIncreased ALFF in left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), left medial superior frontal gyrus (mSFG) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG) as well as decreased ALFF in right calcarine sulcus were observed in smokers compared with non-smokers. In the seed-based functional connectivity analysis, smokers showed attenuated functional connectivity with left SFG in left precuneus, left fusiform gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left cerebellum 4 5 and cerebellum 6 as well as lower functional connectivity with left mSGF in left fusiform gyrus, left lingual gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), left calcarine sulcus, left cerebellum 4 5, cerebellum 6 and cerebellum 8 (GRF corrected, Pvoxel < 0.005, Pcluster<0.05). Furthermore, attenuated functional connectivity with left mSGF in left lingual gyrus and PHG displayed a negative correlation with FTND scores (r = −0.308, p = 0.004; r = −0.326, p = 0.002 Bonferroni corrected).ConclusionOur findings of increased ALFF in SFG with reduced functional connectivity to visual attention areas and cerebellum subregions may shed new light on the pathophysiology of smoking.
“…Ross et al applied the SNF method to integrate structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography and clinical-behavioral assessments, and identified putative subtypes of Parkinson’s disease [ 58 ]. Han et al uncovered potential subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder by integrating structural and functional MRI data [ 59 ]. In this study, we extracted tumor features in both the arterial and venous phases as the characteristics of liver dual blood supply and CE-CT multiple-phase imaging [ 60 ].…”
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, and the pronounced intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity restricts clinical benefits. Dissecting molecular heterogeneity in HCC is commonly explored by endoscopic biopsy or surgical forceps, but invasive tissue sampling and possible complications limit the broadeer adoption. The radiomics framework is a promising non-invasive strategy for tumor heterogeneity decoding, and the linkage between radiomics and immuno-oncological characteristics is worth further in-depth study. In this study, we extracted multi-view imaging features from contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) scans of HCC patients, followed by developing a fused imaging feature subtyping (FIFS) model to identify two distinct radiomics subtypes. We observed two subtypes of patients with distinct texture-dominated radiomics profiles and prognostic outcomes, and the radiomics subtype identified by FIFS model was an independent prognostic factor. The heterogeneity was mainly attributed to inflammatory pathway activity and the tumor immune microenvironment. The predominant radiogenomics association was identified between texture-related features and immune-related pathways by integrating network analysis, and was validated in two independent cohorts. Collectively, this work described the close connections between multi-view radiomics features and immuno-oncological characteristics in HCC, and our integrative radiogenomics analysis strategy may provide clues to non-invasive inflammation-based risk stratification.
“…This might have resulted from the high interindividual heterogeneity among individuals with AD. The high individual variation in etiology and clinical manifestations was increasingly acknowledged and was thought to be one of the leading causes resulting in conflicting findings in neuroimaging studies in brain disorders ( 45 – 49 ). In addition, we did not observe significant differences between EMCI and LMCI.…”
IntroductionInvestigating the neuroimaging changes from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of great significance. However, the details about the distinct functional characteristics of AD and MCI remain unknown.MethodsIn this study, we investigated distinct profiles of functional connectivity density (FCD) differences between AD and MCI compared with the normal population, aiming to depict the progressive brain changes from MCI to AD. As a data-driven method, FCD measures the profiles of FC for the given voxel at different scales. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images were obtained from patients with AD and MCI and matched healthy controls (HCs). One-way ANCOVA was used to investigate (global, long-range, and local) FCD differences among the three groups followed by post-hoc analysis controlling age, sex, and head motion.ResultsThe three groups exhibited significant global FCD differences in the superior frontal gyrus. The post-hoc results further showed that patients with AD had a significant increase in global FCD values than those with MCI and HCs. Patients with MCI exhibited an increased trend compared with HCs. We further identified brain regions contributing to the observed global FCD differences by conducting seed-based FC analysis. We also identified that the observed global FCD differences were the additive effects of altered FC between the superior frontal gyrus and the posterior default model network.DiscussionThese results depicted the global information communication capability impairment in AD and MCI providing a new insight into the progressive brain changes from MCI to AD.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.