Two distinct mechanisms of fluoride enrichment and associated health risk in springs’ water near an inactive volcano, southeast Iran

Naderi, Mehrdad; Jahanshahi, Reza; Dehbandi, Reza

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110503

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The average concentration of NO 3 − in the samples over the 4 years was 22.68, 23.95, 27.4, and 29.68 mg/L, respectively, consistently exceeding the Class III water standard (20 mg/L) and showing an increasing trend. Studies have indicated that the concentration of NO 3 − is usually higher than 15 mg/L when groundwater is influenced by human activities (Chen et al, 2020;Naderi et al, 2020). Therefore, groundwater in the study area is significantly affected by human activities.…”

Section: Hydrochemical Indicators and Causal Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Analysis on the spatiotemporal evolutions of groundwater hydrochemistry and water quality caused by over-extraction and seawater intrusion in eastern coastal China

Chen,

Wu,

Pan

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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The over-extraction of groundwater has resulted in seawater intrusion and the southward migration of the saltwater interface, gradually deteriorating the groundwater quality in the Weibei Plain. In this research, groundwater samples were gathered from 46 monitoring wells for shallow groundwater during the years 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021. The hydrochemical features of regional groundwater and the factors influencing the issue were subjected to statistical analysis. Additionally, the assessment of spatiotemporal variations in groundwater quality was conducted using the customized entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI) method. The relationship between groundwater over-extraction and the southward intrusion of the saltwater interface was compared and analyzed. The results of this paper revealed that the Weibei Plain has been in a state of long-term over-extraction of groundwater from 2000 to 2021, with an average annual over-extraction of 118.49 million m3. The groundwater depression cone areas in the northern part of the study area increased from 3,247.37 to 4,581.34 km2 from 2006 to 2021, with the center of the cone experiencing a drop in groundwater level from −22 to −85 m. The saltwater interface shifted southward by 711.71 km2 from 2006 to 2021. In groundwater, the high concentrations of TH, TDS, and Cl− were primarily related to the seawater intrusion, while higher concentrations of NO3− were mainly determined by frequent agricultural production, industrial wastewater, and domestic sewage discharges. The groundwater hydrochemical types in the study area transitioned from predominantly HCO3·Ca-Mg type in 2006 to HCO3-Na type and SO4·Cl-Ca·Mg type in 2021 due to seawater intrusion. The results of PCA and HCA show the effects of seawater intrusion, human activities, and rock weathering on groundwater hydrochemistry. The evaluation results based on the EWQI revealed that the average value of the samples in 2021 was 101.36, which belonged to Class IV water quality standards, representing the poorest water quality among the 4 years. The southward migration of the saltwater interface led to the deterioration of groundwater quality in the groundwater depression cone areas, which gradually worsened from 2006 to 2021. The maximum increase in EWQI value was 174.68 during the period, shifting from Class III water quality to Class V water quality. Groundwater quality remained relatively better in the western and southern regions which were less affected or unaffected by seawater intrusion. The results of the study can provide a certain reference value for the sustainable management of groundwater resources and the management of groundwater pollution and seawater intrusion in the Weifang City area in the future.

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Section: Hydrochemical Indicators and Causal Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Analysis on the spatiotemporal evolutions of groundwater hydrochemistry and water quality caused by over-extraction and seawater intrusion in eastern coastal China

Chen,

Wu,

Pan

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Fluoride-rich geothermal fluids are typically alkaline (up to pH 10) but acidic geothermal fluids (e.g., observed in Yellowstone, USA) can also have high F concentrations, stabilized as HF 0 , AlF 2 + , AlF 2+ , and AlF 3 0 complexes (Deng et al, 2011). High concentrations of F have also been found in basaltic aquifers of Iran (Moghaddam and Fijani, 2009;Naderi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Worldwide Occurrences Of Fluoride In Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride in Groundwater

Nordstrom¹,

Smedley²

2022

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“…In compliance to (USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1989), hazardous species are categorized as either non-carcinogenic or carcinogenic, with F-and NO3belonging to the first category. Non-carcinogen-contaminated water poses risk to human health when consumed or comes in direct contact with the skin [39]. However, oral ingestion has been identified by studies as the most dangerous exposure path [12; 22].…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Yassin,

Abba,

Shah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Contamination in coastal regions attributed to fluoride and nitrate cannot be disregarded, given the substantial environmental and public health issues they present worldwide. Maintaining water quality is crucial for environmental well-being. This comprehensive study was performed to assess the spatial as well as indexical water quality, identify contamination sources, and evaluate associated health risks pertaining to nitrate and flouride in AlHassa region, KSA. The physiochemical results revealed a pervasive pollution of the overall groundwater. The dominant water type was Na-Cl, indicating saltwater intrusion and reverse ion exchange impact. Spatiotemporal variations in physicochemical properties suggest diverse hydrochemical mechanisms, with geogenic factors primarily influencing groundwater chemistry. The groundwater pollution index varied between 0.8426 and 4.7172, classifying samples as moderately to very highly polluted. Similarly, the synthetic pollution index (in the range of 0.5021-4.0715) revealed that none of the samples had excellent water quality, with various degrees of pollution categories. Nitrate Health Quotient (HQ) values indicated chronic human health risks ranging from low to severe, with newborns being the most vulnerable. Household use of nitrate-rich groundwater for showering and cleaning did not pose significant health risks. Fluoride HQ decreased with age, and children faced the highest risk of fluorosis. The Hazard Index (HI) yielded moderate to high-risk values. Nitrate risks were 1.21 times higher than fluoride risks, as per average HI assessment. All samples fell into the vulnerable category based on the Total Hazard Index (THI), with 88.89% classified as very high risk. This research provides valuable insights into groundwater quality, guiding water authorities, inhabitants, and researchers in identifying safe water sources and vulnerable human populations. The results highlight the need for appropriate treatment techniques and long-term coastal groundwater management plans.

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Two distinct mechanisms of fluoride enrichment and associated health risk in springs’ water near an inactive volcano, southeast Iran

Cited by 35 publications

References 70 publications

Analysis on the spatiotemporal evolutions of groundwater hydrochemistry and water quality caused by over-extraction and seawater intrusion in eastern coastal China

Analysis on the spatiotemporal evolutions of groundwater hydrochemistry and water quality caused by over-extraction and seawater intrusion in eastern coastal China

Fluoride in Groundwater

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

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