Two distinct classes of protein related to GTB and RRM are critical in the sclerotial metamorphosis process of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA

Abstract

Sheath blight of rice, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-1 IA [teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk], is one of the major diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.) worldwide. Sclerotia produced by R. solani AG-1 IA are crucial for their survival in adverse environments and further dissemination when environmental conditions become conducive. Differentially expressed genes during three stages of sclerotial metamorphosis of R. solani AG-1 IA were investigated by utilizing complementary DNA amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) technique. A total of 258 transcript derived fragments (TDFs) were obtained and sequenced, among which 253 TDFs were annotated with known functions through BLASTX by searching the GenBank database and 19 annotated TDFs were assigned into 19 secondary metabolic pathways through searching the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) PATHWAY database. Moreover, the results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression patterns of eight representative annotated TDFs were positively correlated with sclerotial metamorphosis. Sequence annotation of TDFs showed homology similarities to several genes encoding for proteins belonging to the glycosyltransferases B (GTB) and RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily and to other development-related proteins. Taken together, it is concluded that the members of the GTB and RRM superfamilies and several new genes involved in proteolytic process identified in this study might serve as the scavengers of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus play an important role in the sclerotial metamorphosis process of R. solani AG-1 IA.

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Gene Expression Changes Triggered by Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA Infection in Resistant and Susceptible Rice Varieties

“…The standard strain of R. solani , AG1 IA, was kindly provided by Pro. Er-Xun Zhou at South China Agricultural University and has been described previously ( Shu et al, 2015 ). Fourth- and fifth-leaf-stage rice seedlings grown under natural light in a greenhouse (in which the temperature ranged from 20 to 30°C) were inoculated with rice sheath blight fungus, AG1-IA.…”

Comparison of gene co-networks reveals the molecular mechanisms of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) response to Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA infection

“…As one of the most destructive diseases in cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), rice sheath blight caused by R. solani AG1 IA can result in yield losses of 5–10% and even 50% in severe cases (Shu et al 2015). Accompanying cultivars that are susceptible to sheath blight are planted in most rice-growing regions of the world, which increases yield losses from this disease.…”

“…Rice sheath blight, which is caused by the soil-borne basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani , is an economically destructive and widespread disease throughout rice production areas worldwide (Zheng et al 2013 ). As one of the most destructive diseases in cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), rice sheath blight caused by R. solani AG1 IA can result in yield losses of 5–10% and even 50% in severe cases (Shu et al 2015 ). Accompanying cultivars that are susceptible to sheath blight are planted in most rice-growing regions of the world, which increases yield losses from this disease.…”

Reactive Oxygen Species Play a Role in the Infection of the Necrotrophic Fungi, Rhizoctonia solani in Wheat

“…Recently a number of studies have used gene expression analysis to study specific aspects of R . solani biology, including during sclerotia formation [ 30 ], the response to antagonistic bacteria [ 31 ], and during infection of different hosts looking at the plant [ 15 ] or pathogen side [ 32 , 33 ] of the interaction. In this study we have investigated the interaction between wheat and R .…”