Two distinct 18S rRNA secondary structures in Dipodascus (Hemiascomycetes) The DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are shown in Table 1 T1 .

Abstract

The nucleotide sequences of the 18S rRNA gene from ascomycetous yeast-like fungi in the genera Dipodascus, Galactomyces and Geotrichum were determined and the tested strains were separated into two groups by sequence length. In group 1, the length and secondary structure of 18S rRNA corresponded to those of typical eukaryotes. In group 2, the 18S rRNA gene sequences were about 150 nt shorter than those of most other eukaryotes and the predicted secondary structure lacked helices 10 and E21-5. Many substitutions and some deletions in group 2 18S rRNA gene were not only found in variable regions, but also in regions that are highly conserved among ascomycetes. Despite the considerable differences in 18S rRNA gene sequence and secondary structure between group 2 and other fungi, including group 1, phylogenetic analysis revealed that groups 1 and 2 are closely related. These findings suggest that a number of deletions occurred in the 18S rRNA of the common ancestor of group 2 strains.

Species reassignment of Geotrichum bryndzae, Geotrichum phurueaensis, Geotrichum silvicola and Geotrichum vulgare based on phylogenetic analyses and mating compatibility

“…The present classification of the arthroconidial teleomorph genus Galactomyces and its anamorph Geotrichum , 2011b) is a result of previous studies dealing with morphology and ecology (Redhead & Malloch, 1977;von Arx, 1977), biochemistry (Weijman, 1979), DNA-DNA association comparisons (Guého et al, 1985;Smith et al, 1995), and more recently with gene sequencing (Kurtzman & Robnett, 1995;Ueda-Nishimura & Mikata, 2000;de Hoog & Smith, 2004). Both heterothallic and homothallic species are present in Galactomyces.…”

Dipodascus tetrasporeus sp. nov., an ascosporogenous yeast isolated from deep-sea sediments in the Japan Trench

“…Whereas group 2 was well supported statistically, group 1 and internal branches near the common node were not. These behaved as sister groups in this study, as well as in previous studies (Suh & Blackwell, 2006;Ueda-Nishimura & Mikata, 2000;Kurtzman & Robnett, 1998), whereas they were reported to be phylogenetically divergent in a broader context (de Hoog & Smith, 2004). Subclades containing three species of Galactomyces and the three Dipodascus species D. albidus, D. australiensis and D. geniculatus were clearly distinguished from the other species of group 1.…”

“…Group 1 includes the genera Dipodascus and Galactomyces, with Geotrichum anamorphs, and group 2 consists of Magnusiomyces, with Saprochaete anamorphs (de Hoog & Smith, 2004). The two groups are well separated phylogenetically, based on 18S rDNA sequences and 18S rRNA secondary structure (Ueda-Nishimura & Mikata, 2000), 26S rDNA sequences (Kurtzman & Robnett, 1998), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S rDNA sequences (de Hoog & Smith, 2004) and morphological characteristics (de Hoog et al, 1986). Species of the teleomorphic genus Dipodascus are characterized by multispored asci containing eight or more ascospores, whereas species of Galactomyces and Magnusiomyces contain one (or rarely two) and four ascospores, respectively (de Hoog & Smith, 2004).…”

Analysis of Fungal Diversity in Ready-to-Eat Pizza and Effectiveness of Pulsed Ultraviolet-Light Treatment for Inactivation of Mold on Agar Surface

“…Clone 27 had a high level of identity (99%) with Galactomyces geotrichum. Galactomyces is an arthroconidial ascomycetous genus [35,36]. G. geotrichum is considered a plant pathogen and is a common post-harvest fungus disease of citrus known as sour rot [37].…”